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《北京师范大学2016年-2016年博士研究生入学考试英语真题》.pdf
北京师范大学2013 年3 月考博英语真题
Part I: Listening Comprehension
略
Part II: Reading Comprehension
Directions: There are six passages in this part. Each of the passages is followed by five questions or
unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best
one and mark your answer on the ANSER SHEET.
Passage One
In 1900 the United States had only three cities with more than a million residents-New York,
Chicago, and Philadelphia. By 1930, it had ten giant metropolises. The newer ones experienced
remarkable growth, which reflected basic changes in the economy.
Line The population of Los Angeles (114,000 in 1900) rose spectacularly in the early decades of
the twentieth century, increasing a dramatic 1,400 percent from 1900 to 1930. A number of
circumstances contributed to the meteoric rise of Los Angeles. The agricultural potential of the area
was enormous if water for irrigation could be found, and the city founders had the vision and dating
to obtain it by constructing a 225-mile aqueduct, completed in 1913, to tap the water of the Owens
River. The city had a superb natural harbor, as well as excellent rail connections. The climate made it
possible to shoot motion pictures year-round; hence Hollywood. Hollywood not only supplied jobs; it
disseminated an image of the good life in Southern California on screens all across the nation. The
most important single industry powering the growth of Los Angeles, however, was directly linked to
the automobile. The demand for petroleum to fuel gasoline engines led to the opening of the
Southern California oil fields, and made Los Angeles North Americas greatest refining center.
Los Angeles was a product of the auto age in another sense as well: its distinctive spatial
organization depended on widespread private ownership of automobiles. Los Angeles was a
decentralized metropolis, sprawling across the desert landscape over an area o
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