发电设备安全性分析地研究.pdf

摘 要 针对发电设备的故障率和安全性指标的分析，利用事故树分析法、预先风险分 析法和指标分析法研究了提高发电设备安全可靠性和减少故障率的具体措施、方 法。 基于安全系统工程原理和方法，用预先风险分析法辨识与分析影响发电设备安 全的危险因素和潜在事故隐患，用风险矩阵指数预测发生事故的可能性及其严重程 度，并提出科学、合理、可行的安全对策建议。运用事故树分析法对发电系统的危 险性进行辨识和评价，分析出事故的直接原因，揭示事故的潜在原因，对原因事件 按结构重要度系数大小排序,并在此基础上提出了确保安全生产所应采取的优先安 全控制措施, 以实现对生产系统单元的最优安全控制。对设备安全可靠性指标和小指 标深入分析，找出提高设备安全可靠性的因素，对因素进行逐项分析，找出存在原 因，进一步提出针对性的解决措施。 基于上述方法对发电设备的故障率和可靠性的分析、研究，提出了保障发电设 备安全的五项总体措施、方法。这些措施的实施能使企业在设备生产的各个环节、 各个故障点能够及时消除、控制隐患，提高发电生产系统安全性，维护和保障电网 的安全稳定运行。 关键词：发电设备；预先风险分析；事故树分析；安全可靠性分析；治理措施 - I - Abstract The investigation was carried on improving security and reliability of power generation equipments based on the analysis to the failure rate and reliability of power generation equipment relied on Pre-Risk analysis method 、 Fault tree analysis method and index analysis method; Some specific measures and methods to reduce the failure rate were proposed too. The risk factors and potential danger impacting equipment safety were identified and analyzed on Pre-Risk analysis method based on the secure system engineering principles, Scientific, rational and feasible measures and advices were recommended by ways of forecast the likelihood of accidents and their severity on the risk matrix index appraisal method. The use of Fault tree analysis method can not only analyze the direct cause of accidents but also deeply reveal the potential cause leading the occurrence of accidents; the order of the structure importance coefficient of each basic causations were arranged. With this understanding, the security control measures to realize the best control of product unit are put forward. According to the in-depth analysis of equipment safety and reliability and their operationa