2016届高考英语一轮复习课时规范训练：Module1《Life in the Future》.docVIP

Module1 Life in the Future Ⅰ.阅读理解(共两节) 第一节　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项。 All day long，litter builds up between brain cells.A study now finds that trash(垃圾)is washed away by fluids in the brain during sleep.Thats potentially good news because such garbage(废物) includes a substance linked to Alzheimers disease. Evidence of this brain washing emerged in a study on mice.But the finding gave researchers an idea of what may happen in the brains of sleeping people. A sleep researcher at the University of Wisconsin－Madison，Chiara Cirelli called the new finding “eye－opening and exciting”． Maiken Nedergaard is a neuroscientist.Her team had been studying a drainage process in the brain that acts like a sewer system(排水系统)．What the scientists hadnt expected was to find that this system performs a different role during sleep than it does while animals are awake.As animals slept，fluids began flowing from the brain into the spaces between brain cells.These fluids washed away the junk that had built up while animals were awake. Other studies had shown that during waking hours，brain cells pump out bits of protein and other substances.The longer someone stays awake，the more litter builds up.That trash includes proteins that gather in the brains of people with Alzheimers disease，which causes people to lose the ability to think，learn and remember. Once mice fell asleep，fluids flowed into their brains.“It was almost like you opened a tap”，Nedergaard said.As the fluid passed through the spaces between brain cells，it washed away the litter.The tap slowed to a trickle(涓流) when mice woke up. The scientists then looked closely at the brain cells.They found that the cells shrank during slumber(睡眠)—enough to open space through which the fluid can flow freely.When mice were awake，the cells swelled，lessening the fluids flow. The newfound house－cleaning activity occurs in a part of the brain that few people study，noted scientist Houzel.“That space between brain cells is usually disregarded.It