智能小车的软件设计和实现毕业设计.docVIP

智能小车的软件设计与实现 摘 要 本设计是通过寻迹路线功能，将小车引入迷宫入口，实现小车穿越迷宫。采用AT89S52作为核心控制器，作为数据处理中心。通过红外线传感器将所采集的模拟信号经过运放电路将信号放大，通过TLC1543模数转换器转换为数字信号，通过核心控制器进行数据处理后，将数据送8位串行接口数码显示驱动器MAX-- 7219驱动LED显示。采用H桥电路L293D来驱动直流电机，用于控制直流电机的转向和速度，在本系统中采用了红外线遥控技术，来控制小车的启动，从而达到智能控制的要求。 关键词：智能小车,反射式红外线传感器,直流电机,智能控制,H桥电路 Intelligent truckle software design and realization ABSTRACT A truckle at the exit of the labyrinth can go through the labyrinth under the guide of the system which is based on the function of trailing routes. AT89S52 Single-chip Microcomputer is the core controller and the data processing centre. The gathered analog signals are enlarged by the reflection type infrared sensor through the release circuit and transferred into digital signals by TLC1543 analog-to-digital converter. After the data processing, the data are displayed on the LED which is driven by the eight-segment numeric indicator drive. The H bridge electric circuit is used to drive the de machine so as to control the direction and speed of the truckle. In order to meet the requirement of intelligence controls,this system adopts infrared remote control technology to control the starting of the truckle . KEY WORDS: Intelligent truckle, the reflection type infrared sensor, de machine, Intelligence controls, the H bridge electric circuit 目 录 前言……………………………………………………………………………6 第1章 硬件设计……………………………………………………………………7 1.1 设计方案论证………………………………………………………………7 1.1.1 传感器选择方案论证………………………………………………7 1.1.2 机械设计方案………………………………………………………8 1.1.3 小车传感器布局……………………………………………………8 1.2 工作原理……………………………………………………………………9 1.3 系统结构……………………………………………………………………9 1.4 硬件芯片介绍 ……………………………………………………………10 1.4.1 AT89S52芯片………………………………………………………10 1.4.2 TLC1543A/D转换 …………………………………………………13 1.4.3 LM358双运算放大器………………………………………………18 1.4.4 LM234四运算放大器………………………………………………19 1.4.5 串行接口8位LED显示驱动器MAX7219…………………………19 1.4.6 红外遥控原理 ……………………………………………………22 1.4.7 红外线传感器 ……………………………………………………24 1.4.8 驱动电机 …………………………………………………………24 1.5 电路图的设计 ……………………………………………………………25 1.5.1 电源供电部分电路 ………