我国城市工业用电效率的比较研究.pdfVIP

第25卷第4期 青岛科技大学学报 （社会科学版） Vol.25，No.4 2009年12月 Journal of Qingdao University of Science and Technology（Social Sciences) Dec.2009 我国城市工业用电效率的比较研究 ○ 高雪莲 　　（南开大学　城市与区域经济研究所，天津　300071） ［摘　要］运用一种单要素和两种全要素DEA分析方法，以及Malmquist指数，对2002—2007年我国71座城市工业 用电的静态和动态效率进行了比较分析。结果表明：1．全要素指标特别是综合DEA效率指标能够更好地解释城市工业 用电效率。2．我国城市工业用电的总体效率逐年提高，区域间的用电效率在逐步趋同，环渤海和东北老工业基地的用电 效率变动要好于长三角和珠三角地区。3．城市工业用电的规模效率已趋于最优。4．本文运用Tobit模型对工业用电效率 的主要影响因素所做的计量检验表明，企业RD比重每增长1%，电力效率提高6%；人均用电系数每增长1%，电力效率 提高17%；出口每增长1%，电力效率下降0．59%；财政支出占GDP比重每增加1%，电力效率下降0．32%。 ［关键词］电效分析方法；技术效率；规模效率；动态效率；Tobit分析 ［中图分类号］F424．7　 ［文献标识码］A　［文章编号］1671-8372（2009）04-0007-07 A comparative study of industrial electricity efficiency in 71 cities GAO Xue-lian （The Institute of Urban and Regional Economics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071,China） Abstract: By employing single-factor, two-total-factor DEA methods and Malmquist index analysis, this paper discusses the electricity- efficiency based on the data from China’s 71urban industries. The conclusions include: (1) Comprehensive-DEA model can reveal the effects of endowments on electricity efficiency. (2)Electricity- efficiency increased from 0.563 in 2002 to 0.689 in 2007. Efficiency convergence in different areas comes up gradually. Electricity- efficiency of the Bohai Ring Area and the Old Industrial Base in Northeast Area are better than those in the Yangtze Delta Area and the Pearl River Delta Area. (3)The technical efficiency is just 0.739, while scale efficiency is nearly optima, 0.935 in 2007. (4) Technology advancing, saving electricity are the important factors evidently enhancing the efficiency, while the export trade and government intervention are the negative factors. Key words：electricity-efficiency me