《A successive approximation method for quantum separability》.pdfVIP

Front．Math．China2013，8(6)：1275—1293 DOI10．1007／s11464—013—0274一l A·SUCCeSSl●Veapproxim‘at·-ion m et。h1od1 forquantum separability DerenHAN ．LiqunQI 1 SchoolofM athematicalSciences，JiangsuKeyLaboratoryforNSLSCS， NanjingNormalUniversity，Nanjing210023，China 2 DepartmentofAppliedM athematics，TheHongKongPolytechnicUniversity,HongKong China ⑥ HigherEducationPressandSpringer—VerlagBerlinHeidelberg2013 Abstract Determ iningwhethera quantum stateiSseparableorlnseparable fentangled1iSaproblem offundamentalimportanceinquantum scienceand hasattractedmuch attention sinceitsfirstrecognition byEinstein，Podolsky andRosenfPhys．Rev．，1935，47：7771andSchr6dingerN【aturwissenschaffen， 193523：807_812，823—828，844-849】．Inthispaper，weproposeasuccessive approximationmethod(SAM)forthisproblem，whichapproximatesagiven quantum statebyaso—called separablestate：ifthegiven statesiSseparable， this method finds its rank—one components and the associated weights； otherwise，thismethodfindsthedistancebetween thegiven statetotheset ofseparablestates，whichgivesinofrmationaboutthedegreeofentanglement inthesystem ．Thekeytaskperiterationistofindafcasibledescentdirection， whichiSequivalenttofindingthelargestM—eigenvalueofafourth—ordertensor． W egiveadirectmethodofrthisproblem whenthedimensionofthetensoris2 andaheuristiccroSS—hil1methodforcasesofhighdimension．Somenumerical resultsandexperiencesarepresented． Keywords Quantumsystem，entanglement，tensor，successiveapproximation， M—eigenvalue，cross—hill MSC 15A18，15A69 1 Introduction Quantumentanglement，firstrecognizedbyEinsteineta1．[5]andSchrSdinger L2『2J],，p-laysakeyroleinmanyofthemostinterestingapplicationsofquantum comDutation and quantum information．Entangled states are useful in ReceivedJuly14，2011；acceptedDecember12，2012 Correspondingauthor：DerenHAN，E—mail：handeren@njnu．edu-cn 1276 DerenHAN，LiqunqI quantum cryptography,quantum teleportation，andquantum ke