《2016年职称英语考试试题理工类：“Liquefaction” Key to Much of Japanese Earthquake Damage 》..doc

2012年职称英语考试试题理工类：“Liquefaction” Key to Much of Japanese Earthquake Damage 导语：元宵以后，2012年职称英语考试时间马上要来到！在历年的职称英语考试中，专家进行分析，每年考试阅读中有很部分题目是来自职称英语考试教材。为此，小编为考生整理了一些理工类教材里面的重点职称英语考试试题供考生参考，希望对考生有帮助！祝学习愉快！ “Liquefaction” Key to Much of Japanese Earthquake Damage The massive subduction zone1 earthquake in Japan caused a significant level of soil liquefaction2 that has surprised researchers with its 1 severity, a new analysis shows. Weve seen localized3 examples of soil liquefaction as extreme as this before, but the distance and 2 of damage in Japan were unusually severe, said Scott Ashford, a professor of geotechnical engineering4 at Oregon State University5. Entire structures were tilted and sinking into the sediments, Ashford said. The shifts in soil destroyed water, drain and gas pipelines6, crippling the utilities and infrastructure these communities need to 3 . We saw some places that sank as much as four feet. Some degree of soil liquefaction7 is common in almost any major earthquake. Its a phenomenon in which soils soaked with water, particularly recent sediments or sand, can lose much of their 4 and flow during an earthquake. This can allow structures to shift or sink or 5 . But most earthquakes are much 6 than the recent event in Japan, Ashford said. The length of the Japanese earthquake, as much as five minutes, may force researchers to reconsider the extent of liquefaction damage possibly occurring in situations such as this8. With such a long-lasting earthquake, we saw 7 structures that might have been okay after 30 seconds just continued to sink and tilt as the shaking continued for several more minutes, he said. And it was clear that younger sediments, and especially areas built on 8 filled ground, are much more vulnerable. The data provided by analyzing the Japanese earthquake, researchers said, should make it possible to improve the understanding of this soil 9 and better prepare for it in the future. Ashford said it was critical for the team to collect