国际结算chapterinternationaltradefinance.ppt

Ch14　促销策略 Chapter 10. International Trade Finance Trade finance refers to a facility in fund arrangement for buyers or sellers. International trade finance is a financial service under the international trade settlement provided by banks for importers and exporters. This business is put into main business scope of western commercial banks and becomes a target for tough competition in the banking field due to its lower risk and cost. 10.1 Import Trade Finance 10.1.1 Letter of Credit Issuance and Inward Bills 1. Letter of Credit Issuance 2. Inward Bills An Inward Bill (imported bill purchased) is a kind of import financing facility provided by a bank for an importer. 10.1.2 Shipping Guarantee It is rather common for the goods to arrive at importer’s country earlier than the documents by mail if the distance between trade countries is not far. The importer then needs a shipping guarantee issued by the bank to take over the goods. The importer will get the documents from the issuing bank by returning the shipping guarantee. By issuing the shipping guarantee, the bank will bear the risks of non-payment and losing the goods title, and stand the loss claim from the shipping company due to its goods releasing without obtaining the Bill of Lading. 10.1.2 Shipping Guarantee Also, the shipping company will often take such measures as to request the customer to present a pledge according to the fixed form of Letter of Indemnity or Letter of Guarantee: a. The loaded on board documents are handed to the shipping company immediately when they are received. b. The consignee will be responsible for the losses of the shipping company caused by taking delivery against no documents of loaded on board, which is guaranteed by the Issuing Bank. So Importers will often apply to the Issuing Bank to transact the guarantee. 10.1.3 Trust Receipts (T/Rs) A trust receipt is a kind of import financing facility provided by a bank. A issuing bank is obliged to pay upon the documents t