分布式电源对配网继电保护的影响研究.pdfVIP

摘 要 分布式电源作为一种高效、可靠、经济的发电方式，近年来得到了国内外的广泛 关注。分布式电源的快速发展给传统的电力系统注入了新的活力，同时也带来了新的 挑战。多数的配电网尤其是农村配电网其结构为单电源、放射状，配电网的继电保护 是以此结构为基础设计运行的。分布式电源的接入使配电网的结构发生了很大的变 化，配电网的潮流分布和短路电流分布也将随之改变，因而也将影响配电网继电保护 装置的正常运行。 本文首先介绍了配电网常用的三段式电流保护的工作原理和整定原则，以及配电 网典型的馈线自动化方案。以此为基础，建立了典型的配电网和分布式电源短路模型， 分析了分布式电源的位置和容量对配电网继电保护运行以及馈线自动化的影响。 研究了分布式电源接入的并网保护问题，分析了并网变压器的联接形式对并网保 护的影响，介绍了并网保护的孤岛检测问题，并在此基础上分析了并网保护的基本功 能和配置。 针对分布式电源对配电网继电保护的影响，提出了考虑短路电流约束的分布式电 源准入容量计算方法。分析了计及分布式电源的配电网短路计算，分别针对单电源和 多电源接入的情况建立了准入容量计算模型，最后应用小生境遗传算法对上述模型进 行求解。通过对34 节点配电网模型的测试，表明了计算模型的可行性、合理性。 关键词：分布式电源；配电网；继电保护；并网保护；准入容量 I Abstract As one kind of efficient, economical and reliable energy, Distributed generation (DG) have been attracting intensive attention at home and abroad recently. The fast development of DG has brought new challenges and influences to traditional power systems. Most distribution systems especially rural systems are operated in a radial configuration, and the protection of distribution systems are based on this configuration. Installation of DG will not alter the topology of the system, but the power will be able to flow in multiple directions. This fundamental change in operating principle can restrict the operation of the protection system causing false tripping of feeders, blinding of protection and increased or decreased fault levels. This paper firstly introduces the protection system and feeder automation technology of distribution network. On these bases, typical distribution systems model and DG model are built. And then the paper analyzes the effect of the size and location of DG on the relay protection and automation of the distribution network. The interconnection protection of DG is discussed in this paper. The author analyzes the major impact of intercon