分子病毒学第l六章病毒装配成熟释放.pptVIP

病毒的自组装和辅助组装Self-Assembly and Assisted Assembly 参与病毒组装的辅助成分 - Cellular and Viral proteins - Cellular and Viral proteins - Cellular and Viral proteins 病毒支架蛋白Scaffolding Protein 是病毒装配必须成分 支架蛋白：参与核衣壳或衣壳的装配，但后来又被移除，所以这类蛋白称为支架蛋白。 举例 -VP22a , HSV-1 - L1 52/55-kDa, Adenovirus 1 结构单元（structural unit)的组装-机制 -----由单一蛋白（individual proteins） ------或长肽多聚蛋白（polyprotein）组装 ----- 由细胞或病毒的分子伴侣（Viral Chaperone or Cellular Chaperone）协助 第二步：形成衣壳或核衣壳 第三步：包装基因组和其它病毒成分 -Ψ sequence at the 5′ end of Retrovirus is the major packaging signal. 二十面体球状衣壳和基因组的组装 Fig.p72 病毒其它组分（酶或蛋白）进入衣壳 1:有些病毒蛋白本身是结构蛋白，同时参与病毒在宿主内的复制过程。Some of these proteins are also structural proteins of the virion - 单纯疱疹病毒的VP16 protein： a major component of the virion tegument and the activator of transcription of viral immediate-early genes. 2:它们包装进入衣壳需要特定机制： （-）RNA病毒的转录酶RNA-dependent RNA polymerase必须以非共价键与基因组或结构蛋白相互作用被包装进去，进入宿主后才可独立发挥作用 第四步 获得包膜 病毒包膜中的糖蛋白的形成和转运 第四步 获得包膜 第四步 获得包膜 机制二：反转录病毒，装配和获得衣壳及出芽在时空上是同时的（coincident）. 反转录病毒装配和包膜的获得及出芽释放 包膜病毒出芽释放----- ‘pull’- or ‘push’-机制 反转录病毒出芽释放 包膜病毒在内膜系统上出芽 Release of Enveloped Viruses 第六步 病毒成熟 Release of Enveloped Viruses 1 Budding at plasma membrane: Release of enveloped virus particles from the plasma membrane is a complex process that comprises induction of membrane curvature by viral components ( bud formation), bud growth and fusion of the membrane. Budding strategies: - Type I: Alphaviruses both the envelope glycoproteins and internal capsid are essential, interaction between gp and capsid cooperates to driven budding. - Type II: Such as Gag-dependent budding of retroviruses, requires only internal matrix or capsid proteins.. - Type III: Budding can be driven by envelope proteins, a mechanism done by the envelope protein of coronaviruses, mouse hepatitis virus. - Type IV: It is driven by matrix proteins, but its proper functioning depends on additional components