【解析版】2015中考英语常考易错点+专题九+动词分类和时态.docVIP

动词分类和时态 易错清单 一、 易混动词 1. 几个“花费”:spend,take,pay,cost spend多用人作主语,后接金钱或时间。spend...on sth/ (in)doing sth。如: I spent 15 yuan on this new book. 买这本新书我花了15元。 take常用于 “It takes sb some time to do sth”句型中,如: It often takes me half an hour to go to school by bike every day. 我每天骑车去学校要花半小时。 pay常与for连用,表“付给……款”。如: I paid 15 yuan for this new book. cost常用物作主语,表“价值或花费多少钱”。如: This new book costs me 15 yuan. 2. 几个“看”:look,see,watch,read,find look 看,表动作,look at。 see 看见,表结果;也可说看电影“see a film”。 watch 观看比赛、演出、电视等。 read读书看报等文字材料。 3. 几个与“看”有关的词或词组:look for, find, find out, look after, take care of, look over, look forward to look for寻找,表过程。 find发现,找到,表结果。 find out 找出,查明。 look after, take care of 均表示“照看,照顾”。 look over 检查身体等。 look forward to盼望……,期待……。 4. 几个“说”:say, speak, talk, tell say用作及物动词或不及物动词。用作及物动词时,侧重说的内容;say用作不及物动词时,不涉及所说的内容。如: Please say it in English.这个请用英语说。 Its hard to say. 很难说。 Easier said than done.说起来容易,做起来难。 say之后通常跟直接引语、间接引语或宾语从句。如: The teacher said,“Please look at me.” 老师说:“请看着我”。 Our teacher said that the earth goes around the sun. 老师说地球围绕太阳运行。 含有say的固定搭配和常见的句型有: say to oneself 自言自语;say“Hi/Hello”to sb. 向某人问好; have nothing to say to对……无话可说;say a good word for sb. 为某人说好话;They say... / Its said... (据说……);That is to say那就是说。 speak用作及物动词或不及物动词。用作及物动词时,意思是“讲、说某种语言”;用作不及物动词时,意思是“说/说话”。如: Do you speak English? 你讲英语吗? He can speak several foreign languages. 他会讲好几种外语。 Speak up. I cant hear you.大声点,我听不见。 They often speak of you.他们经常谈到你。 speak作“说/说话”讲时,与talk可以互换使用。如: The baby is learning how to speak / talk. 那个婴儿正在学说话。 speak与介词to连用,作“说话”讲,打电话时常用。如: Hello,may I speak to Tom? 喂,请汤姆接电话,好吗? Who is speaking? 你是谁? This is Li Hong speaking. 我是李红。 含speak的短语、固定搭配和句型常见的有:speak to / with... 与……讲话; speak up大声说;speak at the meeting 在会上发言;speak highly of称赞;speak for sb. 为某人说话; speak in public 当众发言。 talk 用作不及物动词,作“说话”讲时与speak可以互换使用。作“交谈”讲时,通常与介词to / with连用。如: The baby cant talk yet. 那个婴儿还不会讲话。 They often talk in English. 他们经常用英语交谈。 Id like to talk to her. 我想和她谈一谈。 talk用作名词时,可以与动词have一起构成短