水平旋转式贴片贴装过程优化研究.pdf

摘要 表面贴装技术(SMT)是如今印刷电路板(PCB)生产中的主流技术。贴片机是 SMT 系统中最关键的设备，其装配工艺是整个系统生产效率提高的瓶颈。以前的 研究大多针对拱架式和转塔式贴片机，而不是当前主流的高速多功能贴片机，这 类贴片机中的典型是水平旋转式贴片机。本文将对水平旋转式贴片机的贴装过程 优化展开研究。 本文深入研究了水平旋转式贴片机的结构特点和贴装过程，分析并归纳了影 响贴片机效率的因素，建立了具有实用性的贴片机贴装过程优化的数学模型，并 分为供料槽分配和贴装顺序优化两步来解决此问题。首先采用中间文件作为贴片 机优化的数据来源，使贴片机的优化独立于各种异构的电子设计环境；其次基于 元器件的特性，对其分组分类，在此基础上把元器件优化分配供料槽；最后结合 实际贴装过程，改进遗传蚁群算法，基于改进算法设计了贴装顺序的优化方法。 仿真结果表明，本文提出的优化方案，不仅符合贴片机的实际工作情况，缩 短了 PCB 的装配时间，更提高了贴片机的贴装效率。本文所采用的优化思想和设 计的算法，对于其它类型的贴片机也具有一定的借鉴意义。 在后续的研究工作中，还将进行贴装设备级优化与生产线优化的结合，即一 条生产线上多台贴片机的平衡优化，从而提高生产线效率。 关键词：表面贴装技术 印刷电路板 水平旋转式贴片机 遗传蚁群算法 优化 Abstract Surface Mounted Technology (SMT) is a dominant technology in the current Printed Circuit Board (PCB) production. The placement machine, whose assembly planning is a bottleneck in the improvement of system production efficiency, is the most important equipment in the SMT system. In the previous research, gantry placement machine and chip shooter machine are mainly studied, rather than the current mainstream of high-speed and multi-function placement machine, in which the horizontal rotation placement machine is a typical model. This paper will mainly study on an optimal research of placement process for this type of machine. The structural characteristics and working process of the horizontal rotation placement machine are deeply studied in this paper. A practical optimization model of this kind of machine is established based on the factors, and the problem is divided into the feeder assignment problem and the component-sequencing problem. Firstly, choose a kind of intermediate document as the data source of the optimization of placement machine, so the optimization can be independent of the different electronic design automation environ