Arithmeticdeformationtheoryviaarithmeticfundamental.PDF

ARITHMETIC DEFORMATION THEORY VIA ARITHMETIC FUNDAMENTAL GROUPS AND NONARCHIMEDEAN THETA-FUNCTIONS, NOTES ON THE WORK OF SHINICHI MOCHIZUKI IVAN FESENKO ABSTRACT. These notes survey the main ideas, concepts and objects of the work by Shinichi Mochizuki on inter- universal Teichmüller theory [31], which might also be called arithmetic deformation theory, and its application to diophantine geometry. They provide an external perspective which complements the review texts [32] and [33]. Some important developments which preceded [31] are presented in the first section. Several important aspects of arithmetic deformation theory are discussed in the second section. Its main theorem gives an inequality–bound on the size of volume deformation associated to a certain log-theta-lattice. The application to several fundamental conjectures in number theory follows from a further direct computation of the right hand side of the inequality. The third section considers additional related topics, including practical hints on how to study the theory. This text is published in Europ. J. Math. (2015) 1:405–440. CONTENTS Foreword 2 1. The origins 2 1.1. From class field theory to reconstructing number fields to coverings of 1 minus three points 2 1.2. A development in diophantine geometry 3 1.3. Conjectural inequalities for the same property