Ch6Ch7-SeattleCentralCollege.docVIP

Physics 102 Spring 2008 HW 1 Key Giancoli Chapters 6 and 7 Chapter 6 Questions 12. The spring can leave the table if it is compressed enough. If the spring is compressed an amount , then the gain in elastic PE is . As the spring is compressed, its center of mass is lowered by some amount. If the spring is uniform, then the center of mass is lowered by , and the amount of decrease in gravitational PE is . If the gain in elastic PE is more than the loss in gravitational PE, so that or , then the released spring should rise up off of the table, because there is more than enough elastic PE to restore the spring to its original position. That extra elastic energy will enable the spring to “jump” off the table – it can raise its center of mass to a higher point and thus rise up off the table. Where does that “extra” energy come from? From the work you did in compressing the spring. 14. When water at the top of a waterfall falls to the pool below, initially the water’s gravitational PE is turned into kinetic energy. That kinetic energy then can do work on the pool water when it hits it, and so some of the pool water is given energy, which makes it splash upwards and outwards and creates outgoing water waves, which carry energy. Some of the energy will become heat, due to viscous friction between the falling water and the pool water. Some of the energy will become kinetic energy of air molecules, making sound waves that give the waterfall its “roar”. 17. (a)If there is no friction to dissipate any of the energy, then the gravitational PE that the child has at the top of the hill all turns into kinetic energy at the bottom of the hill. The same kinetic energy will be present regardless of the slope – the final speed is completely determined by the height. The time it takes to reach the bottom of the hill will be longer for a smaller slope. (b) If there is friction, then the longer the path is, the more work that friction will do, and so the slower t