STARTESTING……PierreTournayPerfectOpticsFig.2-1.docVIP

STAR TESTING…… Pierre Tournay Perfect Optics Fig. 2-1. Central Obstruction. Images from three perfect telescopes are shown from inside focus (left) to outside focus (right). Typical behaviors of (top) refractors, (middle) long-focus Newtonians,(bottom) commercial Schmidt-Cassegrains. TESTING ATMOSPHERIC SEEING using a star at focus Fig. 2-3. Air Turbulence. A frozen moment of a turbulent image is shown in a focused pattern (left) and a defocused pattern (center). A delay of only a moment can show the example pattern at right. The focused image is magnified 5 times that of the defocused images. ///////////// 1 /////////\\\\\\\\ 2 \\\\\\////// 3 ///////\\\\\4 \\\\\\//// 5 //// TUBE CURRENTS THERMAL EQUILIBRIUM TEST Fig. 2-4. Tube Current. A common tube current appearance is the squeezed or herniated lobe on one side of the disk, and a flattened look on the other. Magnification of the focused image has been increased 6 times. PINCHED OPTICS Focused out-of-focus Fig. 2-5. Deformed Optics. The three-lobed pattern that results from tootight mirror clips or a thin mirror that is inadequately supported. Left: focused pattern. Right: one appearance of the slightly defocused disk. Focused pattern is expanded 2.5 times. ROUGHNESS OF SURFACE (look for radius lines) Fig. 2-8. Roughness. A small amount of surface roughness. Left: the focused image. Middle: defocused rough surface image. Right: a smooth defocused image for comparison. ZONAL ERRORS (Different zones show up) inside focus outside focus normal Fig. 2-9. Zonal Defect. Zonal aberration on an unobstructed aperture caused by a trench at 60% of the radius of the disk. Far inside of focus, the zone appears as a bright ring on the uniform disk, and outside it becomes a dark ring. On the right is an unaberrated pattern. TURN DOWN EDGE Fig. 2-10. Turned-Down Edge. Turned edge in a 25% obstructed aperture. A no