SupplementaryInformationRoomtemperaturelarge-scale.docVIP

Supplementary Information Room temperature large-scale synthesis of layered frameworks as low-cost 4 V cathode materials for lithium ion batteries A. Shahul Hameed,a M. V. Reddy,*b,c M. Nagarathinam,a Tom?e Run?evski,d Robert E Dinnebier,*d Stefan Adams,c B. V. R. Chowdarib and Jagadese J. Vittal *a aDepartment of Chemistry, 3 Science drive 3, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543. bAdvanced batteries lab, Department of Physics, 2 Science drive 3, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117551. cDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, 9 Engineering drive 1, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575. dMax Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany *Corresponding authors Email addresses: chmjjv@nus.edu.sg, phymvvr@nus.edu.sg, r.dinnebier@fkf.mpg.de. Supplementary Figure 1 | PXRD patterns of K2[(VO)2(HPO4)2(C2O4)]?4.5H2O prepared by (a) magnetic stirring; (b) mechanical grinding and (c) sonochemical synthesis compared with its simulated pattern. Supplementary Figure 2 | In-situ PXRD patterns of K2[(VO)2(HPO4)2(C2O4)]?4.5H2O recorded in air between 30 and 150oC. Supplementary Figure 3 | TGA of K2[(VO)2(HPO4)2(C2O4)]?4.5H2O in N2 flow at a heating rate of 5 oC min-1  Supplementary Figure 4 | Extended packing motif of K2[(VO)2(C2O4)(HPO4)2] Supplementary Figure 5 | Coordination sphere around the potassium cation in K2[(VO)2(C2O4)(HPO4)2]. Supplementary Figure 6 | Scattered X-ray intensities of K2[(VO)2(C2O4)(HPO4)2] at 120 °C, presented as a function of diffraction angle. The observed pattern (diamonds) measured in Debye-Scherrer geometry, the best Rietveld fit profiles (line) and the difference curve between the observed and the calculated profiles (below) are shown. The high angle part is enlarged for clarity. Supplementary Figure 7 | SEM images of (a) bare [K2(VO)2(HPO4)2(C2O4)]?4.5H2O; (b) rGO/[K2(VO)2(HPO4)2(C2O4)]?4.5H2O containing 4 % rGO prepared in 48 h; (c d) rGO composite (4