1.AnatomyofMuscles-NPTCMoodle.docVIP

Anatomy of body muscles Student name:-------------------------- Course:-------------------------------------------- Types of Joint Motion Abduction - To draw away from the mid-line of the body Adduction -To draw towards the mid-line of the body Flexion - To bend into the body Extension - To straighten away from the body Rotation - To turn around Supinate - Turn face or palm upwards Pronate – Turn face down or palm down Plantar Flexion – Downward movement of big toe Dorsi-flexion – Upward movement of big toe Inversion – turn inwards N.B The body must be in the anatomical position for the above definitions to be true. Anatomical Directions To describe the relative position of body parts and their movements, it is essential to have a universally accepted initial reference position. The standard body position known as the anatomical position serves as this reference. Anterior : In front of; toward or at front of the body Posterior : Behind; or at the backside of the body Superior: Above; towards the head or upper part of the structure of the body Inferior : Below; Away from the head or toward the lower part of the structure or the body Medial : Toward or at the midline of the ; or on the inner side of a limb Lateral : Away from the midline of the body; on the outer side of the body or a limb Proximal : Closer to the centre of the body (naval) or to the point of attachment of a limb to the body torso Distal: Farther from the centre of the body, or from the point of attachment of a limb to the torso Superficial: Toward or at the body surface Deep: Farther away from the body surface; more internal Dorsum: The posterior surface of something e.g. back of the hand; top of foot Palmar: The palm of hand Plantar: The sole of the foot Origin and insertions of muscles Muscle origin and insertion are terms that describe where the muscle attaches to the bones / connective tissues. Generally, the origin is where the muscles originates on the b