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LECTURE NOTES OF ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS–III (Sub Code: MAT31) COURSE CONTENT 1) Numerical Analysis 2) Fourier Series 3) Fourier Transforms Z-transforms 4) Partial Differential Equations 5) Linear Algebra 6) Calculus of Variations Text Book: Higher Engineering Mathematics by Dr. B.S.Grewal (36th Edition – 2002) Khanna Publishers,New Delhi Reference Book: Advanced Engineering Mathematics by E. Kreyszig (8th Edition – 2001) John Wiley Sons, INC. New York FOURIER SERIES Dr.A.T.Eswara Professor and Head Department of Mathematics P.E.S.College of Engineering Mandya -571 401 DEFINITIONS : A function y = f(x) is said to be even, if f(-x) = f(x). The graph of the even function is always symmetrical about the y-axis. A function y=f(x) is said to be odd, if f(-x) = - f(x). The graph of the odd function is always symmetrical about the origin. For example, the function f(x) = in [-1,1] is even as f(-x) = = f(x) and the function f(x) = x in [-1,1] is odd as f(-x) = -x = -f(x). The graphs of these functions are shown below :  Graph of f(x) = Graph of f(x) = x Note that the graph of f(x) = is symmetrical about the y-axis and the graph of f(x) = x is symmetrical about the origin. If f(x) is even and g(x) is odd, then h(x) = f(x) x g(x) is odd h(x) = f(x) x f(x) is even h(x) = g(x) x g(x) is even For example, 1. h(x) = x2 cosx is even, since both x2 and cosx are even functions 2. h(x) = xsinx is even, since x and sinx are odd functions 3. h(x) = x2 sinx is odd, since x2 is even and sinx is odd. If f(x) is even, then If f(x) is odd, then For example, as cosx is even and as sinx is odd PERIODIC FUNCTIONS :- A periodic function has a basic shape which is repeated over and over again. The fundamental range is the time (or sometimes distance) over which the basic shape is defined. The length of the fundamental range is called the period. A general periodic function f(x) of period T satisfies the condition f(x+T) =