wavelettcqimagecompression-中華大學.ppt

Chih-Chin Liu Chap 3 Linear Differential Equations Outline Second-Order Homogeneous Linear Equations Second-Order Homogeneous Equations with Constant Coefficients Modeling: Mass-Spring Systems, Electric Circuits Euler-Cauchy Equation Wronskian Second-Order Nonhomogeneous Linear Equations Higher Order Linear Differential Equations Outline Second-Order ODE General Form for Second-Order Linear ODE Implicit Form Explicit Form Second-Order Homogeneous Linear Equations Second-Order Homogeneous Linear ODE p(x), q(x): coefficient functions Example Examples of Nonlinear differential equations A linear combination of Solutions for homogeneous linear equation Example: Second-Order Homogeneous Linear Equations Linear Principle (Superposition Principle) y is called the linear combination of y1 and y2 Second-Order Homogeneous Linear Equations Proof: Does the Linearity Principle hold for nonhomogeneous linear or nonlinear equations ? Example: A nonhomogeneous linear differential equation Example: A nonlinear differential equation Initial Value Problem for Second-Order homogeneous linear equations For second-order homogeneous linear equations, a general solution will be of the form , a linear combination of two solutions involving two arbitrary constants c1 and c2 An initial value problem consists two initial conditions. Initial Value Problem Example: Observation: Our solution would not have been general enough to satisfy the two initial conditions and solve the problem. A General Solution of an Homogeneous Linear Equation Definition: A general solution of an equation on an open interval I is a solution with y1 and y2 not proportional solutions of the equation on I and c1 ,c2 arbitrary constants. The y1 and y2 are then called a basis (or fundamental system) of the equation on I A particular solution of the equation is obtained if we assign specific values to c1 ,c2 Linear Independent Two