12.Illumination.ppt.pptVIP

Global light properties glLightModelfv(property, value) Enable two sided lighting property = GL_LIGHT_MODEL_TWO_SIDE value = GL_TRUE (GL_FALSE if you don’t want two sided lighting) Global ambient color Property = GL_LIGHT_MODEL_AMBIENT Value = (red, green, blue, 1.0); Check the red book for others Surface Normals Correct normals are essential for correct lighting Associate a normal to each vertex glBegin(…) glNormal3f(x,y,z) glVertex3f(x,y,z) … glEnd() The normals you provide need to have a unit length You can use glEnable(GL_NORMALIZE) to have OpenGL normalize all the normals Lighting revisit Where is lighting performed in the graphics pipeline? modeling and viewing v1, m1 v2, m2 v3, m3 per vertex lighting projection clipping interpolate vertex colors viewport mapping Rasterization texturing shading Display Polygon shading model Flat shading – compute lighting once and assign the color to the whole polygon Flat shading Only use one vertex (usually the first one) normal and material property to compute the color for the polygon Benefit: fast to compute It is used when: The polygon is small enough The light source is far away (why?) The eye is very far away (why?) OpenGL command: glShadeModel(GL_FLAT) Mach Band Effect Flat shading suffers from “mach band effect” Mach band effect – human eyes accentuate the discontinuity at the boundary Side view of a polygonal surface perceived intensity Smooth shading Reduce the mach band effect – remove value discontinuity Compute lighting for more points on each face Flat shading smooth shading Smooth shading Two popular methods: Gouraud shading (used by OpenGL) Phong shading (better specular highlight, not supported by OpenGL) Gouraud Shading (1) The smooth shading algorithm used in OpenGL glShadeModel(GL_SMOOTH) Lighting is calculated for each of the polygon vertices Colors are interpolated for interior pixels Gouraud Shading (2) Per-ve