g3BrightnessContrastPhysicalScience.ppt.pptVIP

Version 0.10 (c) 2007 CELEST VISI?NBRIGHTNESS CONTRASTCLASSROOM PRESENTATION PRE-EXPERIMENT  COMMON MISCONCEPTION ABOUT VISION: EXTRA-TRANSMISSION If vision is dependent on light entering the eye, CAN YOU SEE THINGS IN THE DARK? HOW DO WE SEE? However, vision is a perceptual process involving many parts of the brain that do not work like a camera. Consider this: When we turn on a light bulb it produces light HOW DO WE SEE OBJECTS THAT DO NOT PRODUCE LIGHT? DARK AND LIGHT SURFACES If vision is dependent on light entering the eye, CAN YOU SEE THINGS IN THE DARK? EDGE DETECTORS! Visual perception is sensitive to the difference or contrast between two surfaces. WHAT IS “PERCEPTION”? Some perceptions are illusory. How does the human brain and eye accomplish the task of perceiving? THE HUMAN EYE The eye is actually an organ in the shape of a ball. From the outside you can see the pupil and the iris. The pupil is an opening that permits light to enter the eye. The iris is the muscle that controls the size of the pupil. MODELS ILLUMINATION, REFLECTANCE, AND BRIGHTNESS BRIGHTNESS PERCEPTION IS BASED ON COMPARING TWO SURFACES CALCULATING CONTRAST MODELS OF BRIGHTNESS CONTRAST BRIGHTNESS CONTRAST REVISTED Because the brain cannot know the illuminance, I, it has to compute local ratios of the luminance entering the eye, E, in order to determine information about reflectance patterns. This can be understood by considering the panel above where we see light landing on two points on a surface. Point a lies in the light gray part of the surface and point b in the dark gray part. Using the relationship between reflectance, luminance and illiumimance, R = E/I we can write two separate equations: R(a) = Ea/I and R(b) = Eb/I. I is the illuminance coming from the single light source and being shined onto both points a and b. Ea and Eb is the luminance reflected off the the surface at points a and b, respectively. R(a) and R(b) are the reflectances at point