起重机变频调速控制系统的设计——毕业设计.doc

起重机变频调速控制系统的设计 摘要 起重机作为物料搬运系统中一种典型设备，在企业生产活动中应用广泛作用显著，因此对于提高起重机的运行效率，确保运行的安全可靠性，降低物料搬运成本是十分重要的。传统的起重机控制系统主要采用继电器接触器进行控制，采用交流绕线串电阻的方法进行启动和调速，这种控制系统存在可靠性差，操作复杂，故障率高。电能浪费大，效率低等缺点。因此对起重机控制系统进行研究具有现实意义。本文针对起重机控制系统中存在的上述问题，把可编程序控制器和变频器应用于桥式起重机控制系统上，并进行了较深入的研究。首先根据起重机的运行特点，研究了起重机的控制系统及其组成。其次实现了变频器的参数设置、电机的启动和停止及其系统故障报警。PLC系统通过采用SIEMENS S7-200来控制起重机大车、小车的运行方向和速度换挡，吊钩的升、降方向及速度换挡，检测各个电机故障现象。减少了传统继电-接触式控制系统的中间环节。减少了硬件和控制线，极大提高了系统的稳定性，可靠性。 关键词：起重机；可编程控制器；变频调速 Design of Frequency Control System In Crane ABSTRACT The crane carries a kind of typical equipment in the supplies system，so it have extensive function in the activity of producing enterprise,so it is important to improve the crane operational eficiency,guarantee the safe reliability to be operated, reduce the cost of the supplies carrying.But the traditional crane control system mainly adopts relay and contactor to control crane，adopt the methods of wire winding bunch of resistance to start and adjust speed of motor，the control system have many disadvantages,for example: dependability is bad, it is complicated to operate, fault rate is high. the electric energy is wasted greatly,efficiency is low.Carrying on the research to the rane control system has realistic meanings, To the question that exist in the crane control system，the paper apply programmablecontroller and frequency converter on control system of bridge crane，have carried on deeperresearch.in relevantre spects. First of all cranes operating in accordance with features of the control system of the crane and its components. Converter followed by a set of parameters, start and stop the motor and system failure alarm. PLC system through the use of SIEMENS S7-200 to control the crane, the operation of car direction and speed shift, the hook up, down-shift direction and speed, all the electrical fault is detected. Reduce the traditional relay - touch the middle part of control system. A reduction of the hardware and the line of control has greatly improved system sta