《纤维素转化为淀粉-PNAS-2016》.pdfVIP

Enzymatic transformation of nonfood biomass to starch a,1 a,b,1 a,c a,c d a,d Chun You , Hongge Chen , Suwan Myung , Noppadon Sathitsuksanoh , Hui Ma , Xiao-Zhou Zhang , Jianyong Lie, and Y.-H. Percival Zhanga,c,d,f,g,2 aBiological Systems Engineering Department, c Institute for Critical Technology and Applied Science, and eBiochemistry Department, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061; bCollege of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; dGate Fuels, Inc., Blacksburg, VA 24060; f BioEnergy Science Center, Department of Energy, Oak Ridge, TN 37831; and gCell Free Bioinnovations, Inc., Blacksburg, VA 24060 Edited* by Arnold L. Demain, Drew University, Madison, NJ, and approved March 27, 2013 (received for review February 5, 2013) The global demand for food could double in another 40 y owing to rich crop residues, most of which are burned or wasted rather than growth in the population and food consumption per capita. To meet used for cellulosic biorefineries (4, 14). the world’s future food and sustainability needs for biofuels and The cost-effective transformation of nonfood cellulose to starch renewable materials, the production of starch-rich cereals and cellu- could revolutionize agriculture and reshape the bioeconomy, while lose-rich bioenergy plants must grow substantially while minimizing maintaining biodiversity, minimizing agriculture’s environmental agriculture’s environmental footprint and conserving biodiversity. footprint, and conserving fresh water (4, 15). This transformation Here we demonstrate one-pot enzymatic conversion of pretreated would not only promote the cultivation