锅炉水位控制系统的研究与设计.docVIP

毕 业 论 文 锅炉水位控制系统的研究与设计 锅炉水位控制系统的研究与设计 摘 要 随着我国经济的发展，资源和环境矛盾日趋尖锐，使我国的现代化建设面临严峻挑战。作为供热系统重要能源转换设备的燃煤锅炉能耗巨大，占我国原煤产量的三分之一左右。然而，我国目前运行的很多锅炉控制系统的自动化水平不高、安全性低，工作效率和环境污染普遍低于国家标准，因此实现锅炉的计算机自动控制具有重要的意义。 锅炉的建模与控制问题一直是人们关注的焦点，而汽包水位是工业锅炉安全、稳定运行的重要指标，保证水位控制在给定范围内，对于提高蒸汽品质、减少设备损耗和运行损耗、确保整个网络安全运行具有重要意义。 本文设计了基于PLC的锅炉水位控制系统，该系统包括下位机控制和上位机控制两部分。 本文分析了汽包水位对象的动态特性，介绍传统的控制方式。由于锅炉水位控制系统的调节器输入端常加有三个输入量，极易引起水位控制偏差，本文提出了两种消除水位偏差的方法：（1）辅助信号自消方法（2）辅助信号对消方法。根据三冲量水位调节系统控制水位误差,设计采用了三冲量PID串级控制方式采用辅助信号蒸汽流量和给水流量对消方法消除水位偏差。 关键词：汽包水位；三冲量；串级系统；PID控制； Abstract With China’s economic development, resources and the enviroment has become increasingly acute contradictions, so that the mmodemization of our country is facing a formidable challenge. As an important energy source conversion equipment, heating system of the industrial boiler onsumes about one-third of China’s coal. However, the majority of China’s current operating boiler system’s security and efficiency is generally lower than the national standard. So it’s great significance to achieve automatic control for boiler with computer. The problem of modeling and control is a attention focus of people .The boiler water lever is importance index of industry boiler safety and satabilization.it is importance meanimg to ensure water level in definite range for increasing quality of steam and reducing wastage of equipment and insuring safety of whole hert-power-net. This article analyses dynamic characteristic of water level object and introduces traditional control method.Because there are three inputs accede to adister of water lever control system of boiler,it is easy to bring error of water lever controlling.This iartice puts forward two methods to dispel error of water lever:(1)assistant signal self-disappear.(2)assistant signals each other dispel.According to three impulse control water lever error,designing three impulse PID cascade control system. Key words: Water Level;Three Impulse;Cascade System;PID Controller; 目 录 摘 要 I Abstract II