锅炉汽包水位模糊PID控制的研究毕业论文.docVIP

哈尔滨工业大学工学硕士学位论文 大学学士学位论文 - PAGE II - -  PAGE II - 锅炉汽包水位模糊PID控制的研究 锅炉是工业过程中不可缺少的动力设备，为确保安全，稳定生产，对锅炉的自动控制十分重要，其中汽包水位是一个非常重要的被控变量。由于锅炉的水位调节过程难以建立数学模型，具有非线性、不稳定性、时滞等特点。传统的锅炉水位三冲量控制系统大都采用PID控制，其控制效果还可以进一步提高。而模糊控制不要求知道被控对象的精确数学模型，只需要操作人员的经验知识及操作数据，鲁棒性强，非常适合用于非线性、滞后系统的控制。但其静态性能不能令人满意，限制了它的应用。基于锅炉水位控制及模糊控制的特点，本文将Fuzzy-PID引入锅炉汽包水位的三冲量控制中，作了以下一些试探性工作: 1)对现有的模糊PID控制器的构成方式进行归纳总结。对汽??水位的模糊PDI控制方式进行结构及性能上的分析和比较。 2)提出一种采用以误差e及其积分ei作为输入语句变量，以两个一维的模糊控制器对PID参数进行在线调整的控制方式进行了探讨。仿真结果表明，控制效果有一定的提高。 3)微分作用对高频干扰十分敏感，容易导致调节品质下降。锅炉本身具有一定的滞后，若不加微分作用，则控制作用的及时性无法发挥。虽然工业锅炉内扰严重，但适当的加一点微分作用对于锅炉水位的控制有一定好处。本文对采用不完全微分型模糊PID的控制情况进行仿真研究，结果表明，控制效果较为理想。 关键词 汽包水位模糊;PID;控制三冲量 Boiler Water Level Fuzzy PID Control of Research Abstract Boiler is necessary power plant in the process of industry. In order to ensure the production and security, the auto-control of it is very important. The drum water level is an important variable to be controlled, it is hard to get the mathematic model of the water level with adjustive process. It is characteristic of nonlinearity, instability and time lag. The traditional control mode of three variable in the drum water level mostly use PID, the effect of it can be improved. The fuzzy control does not need precise mathematic model of the controlled object ,it only needs the experience of operator and the data of operating, it has good robustness and is fit to control the system with nonlinearity and lag. But its static characteristic is dissatisfactory, which limit the application of it. Based on the characteristic of water level control in boiler and fuzzy control, this paper does some exploratory works as follows on applying fuzzy-control to three-variable control mode in the drum water level: 1）This paper summarizes the present forms of fuzzy-PID controller. It analyzes and compares the structure as well as performance of water level in boiler combing the characteristic of water level control in boiler. 2) A control mode is brought forward,which is based on adjust