龚文强 专业英语讲义.docVIP

备 课 本 课程名称 专业英语 课 时 数 24 适用班级 材料0822 授课教师 龚文强 使用时间 2010-2011学年第 1学期 冶 金 工 程 学 院Metal Material 一、Key terms strength? [stre?θ] toughness reuse [ri:ju:z] 再用, 重新使用 brass [brɑ:s] 黄铜 ferrous [fer?s] 铁的,含铁的 nonferrous [n?nfer?s] 不含铁的,非铁的 magnetic properties [m?ɡnetik]磁性;磁特性 category [k?tiɡ?ri] 种类, 类别 girder [g?:d?] 大梁 elevator [eliveit?] 电梯, 升降机 cable? [keibl] (船只、桥梁等上的)巨缆, 钢索 torsion [t?:??n] 扭转;扭曲 shear [?i?] 剪 fatigue [f?ti:ɡ] 疲劳 impact [imp?kt] 冲击(力), 碰撞 elongate .[?l?:?,ge?t, ?l??-] vt.延长,加长 stretch [stret?] 伸展; 拉紧 ascertain [,?s?tein] 弄清, 确定, 查明 stiffness [st?fn?s] 刚度 evaluation[?,v?lj?e???n] 估价,评价;估算 crush [kr??] 轧碎 twist [twist] 扭转 piston [pist?n] 活塞 rod?活塞杆 axle [?ks?l] 轮轴,车轴 reversal [r?v?:s?l] 反向, 反转, 倒转 crack [kr?k] 裂缝, 缝隙 rupture [r?pt??] 破裂, 裂开 fender [fend?] 挡泥板 stamp [st?mp] 邮票, 印花；印, 图章 indentation? [,?ndente???n] 凹进,缩格 penetration [,pen?tre???n] 渗透;侵入 abrasion [?bre???n] 磨损,擦掉 file [fail]锉 drill [dril] 钻头 armor [ɑ:m?] 装甲 indenter [indent?] 压头 cryogenic [?krai?u?d?enik] 低温学的 permanent [p?:m?n?nt] 永久(性)的, 固定的 pertain [p?tein] 关于, 有关 1.As s tool,it must be strength and toughness,moreover,it should be easy to press and reuse. 作为工具，必须具有一定强度和韧性，此外还应易于加工和回收。 2.The most important characteristics of metal are its mechanical properties, magnetic properties, and chemical properties. 力学性能、磁性和化学性能是金属最重要的特性。 3.Hence strength is the ability of a metal to withstand loads without breaking down. 强度是金属承受载荷（外力）而不致断裂的能力。 4.Strength properties are commonly referred to as tensile strength, bending, strength, compressive strength, tensional strength, shear strength, fatigue strength and impact strength. 强度特性通常指的是抗拉强度、抗弯强度、抗压强度、抗扭强度、抗剪强度、疲劳强度和冲击强度。 5.Stress is the internal resistance a material offers to being deformed and is measured in terms of the applied load. 应力是材料内部呈现的抵抗变形的能力，应力通过外加载荷来度量。 6.Strain is the deformation that results from a stress and is expressed in terms of the amount o