Linux环境下DMA及研究与应用---饶兵兵.docVIP

摘 要 直接存储器访问控制器(Direct Memory Access，DMA)是计算机体系结构中的重要组成部分。端口设备和存储器之间的数据传输往往通过DMA进行。DMA控制数据在端口设备和存储器之间进行数据传输可以减轻中央处理器CPU的负担；在高速数据传输中，DMA可以保证数据得到及时处理，避免CPU来不及完成中断处理造成的数据丢失问题。目前，DMA在高速数据传输、慢速设备管理、零散数据收集等方面得到了广泛应用。 本文从DMA技术的提出入手，较为详尽地讲述了DMA的结构以及DMA控制器的基本功能、基本结构及工作原理。Intel? I/OAT(Intel? I/O Acceleration Technology) DMA 技术，结合inux 2.6.18源码中关于I/OAT驱动 关键词：DMA Intel? I/O Acceleration Technology；Linux DMA engine Abstract Direct Memory Access(DMA)controller is a component of the computer system．DMA usually is used to exchange data between I/O equipment and memory or between memory and memory, which alleviates the burden of CPU. During the high-speed data transmission，DMA can guarantee the data to be processed in time，thus data loss introduced by CPU’S late response of the interrupt processing can be avoided．At present，DMA is widely used in those fields of high- speed data transmission，slow-speed device management and scattered data collection． The paper begins with an introduction of DMA, and the describes in details its architecture，functions and operation. Depth study of the Intel ? I/OAT Acceleration Technology DMA technology, and combined with detailed analysis of its interface with the kernels DMA engine on I/OAT DMA driver in the Linux 2.6.18 source code, then according to the companys needs, rewrite the driver code. At last, the test case is given to verify the consistency of the I/OAT DMA-driven and performance issues, and generate test reports. Key Words: DMA ; Intel? I/O Acceleration Technology; Linux DMA engine 目 录 1. 绪论 1 1.1 I/O技术的讨论 1 1.2 为何要采用DMA技术 2 1.3 论文的大体安排 4 2. DMA概述 5 2.1 DMA结构分析 5 2.1.1 单总线I/O分离的DMA结构 5 2.1.2 单总线、I/O集成的DMA结构 5 2.1.3 I/O总线的DMA结构 6 2.2 DMA传输方式的分析 6 2.3 DMA对数据操作的类型 7 2.3.1 数据传送 7 2.3.3数据传送与检索并举 8 2.3.4数据校验 8 2.4 DMA控制器 8 2.5 DMA数据操作流程 10 3. I/OAT DMA体系架构 12 3.1 I/OAT技术的介绍 12 3.2 I/OAT DMA软件接口 13 3.2.1 I/OAT DMA 介绍 13 3.2.2 I/OAT DMA链式描述符的介绍 14 3.2.3 I/OAT DMA通道的操作 15 3.2.4 I/OAT DMA 数据操作类型 17 3.2.5 I/OAT DMA 工作流程 18 3.3 Linux环境下I/OAT DMA驱