覆膜施肥移栽机设计与试验研究.pdfVIP

摘 要 内蒙古巴彦淖尔地区具有特殊的地理位置和气候条件，是青椒、番茄、向日葵、 甜瓜等经济作物的生产基地。育苗移栽可减少自然灾害对作物造成的损失，节省种 子，提早成熟。手工移栽不仅费时费工，而且移栽速度和移栽质量得不到保证。通 过总结现有移栽机的优点，结合内蒙古巴彦淖尔地区移栽种植的农艺特点，研发出 一种能同时覆膜、施肥的多功能移栽机。 本文利用三维设计软件 Pro/E ，建立了整台吊杯式覆膜施肥移栽机的三维模型 并绘制二维工程图纸，装配整机进行动态干涉检查，然后生产样机，最后进行田间 移栽性能试验研究。并分析了移栽株距与移栽机传动比、吊杯数量，以及移栽机前 进速度与移栽圆盘线速度的关系，设计了覆膜施肥移栽机的传动系统，链轮与吊杯 的组合调节株距可行。对土壤坚实度和株距的关系进行了验证，结果表明：土壤坚 实度与株距成反比。 田间试验结果表明：该机的排肥及覆膜稳定性能良好，株距合格率和直立度合 格率分别为91.6%及92.3%，株距变异系数4.70% ，各项指标均达到了国家相关标准 的要求。 关键词：移栽机；覆膜施肥；吊杯；株距 Design and Experimental Research on the Film-covered-fertilizer Transplanter Abstract Bayan Nur area of Inner Mongolia has a special geographical location and climate conditions, it is the production base of green pepper, tomato, sunflower, melon and other economic crops. Seedling transplanting can decrease the losses to crops of natural disaster, save the seeds, make the seedling stage ahead of time, ease the labor force. Manual transplanting is not only a time-consuming work, but also transplanting speed and transplanting quality can not be guaranteed. Through learning from the advantages of existing transplanter, in combination with planting agronomic characteristics of Bayan Nur area, developing 2ZM-2 model film-covered-fertilizer transplanter that can laying plastic film and fertilizing at the same time. This paper takes advantage of 3D parametric design software Pro/E, drawing the whole 3D model and 2D drawings of dibble-type film-covered-fertilizer transplanter. Assembling machine for dynamic interference detection, then producing prototype machine, finally, carrying on field transplanting performance test. In the thesis, the relation between plant spacing and drive ratio, dibble number, as well as th