大风条件下车辆向滑移与行车安全关系研究.pdfVIP

Vehicle Side Slip under Cross Wind Conditions and Research of Vehicle Safety A Dissertation Submitted for the Degree of Master Candidate：Lei Xinglei Supervisor：Prof .Ma Rongguo Chang’an University, Xi’an, China I 摘要 随着我国高速公路的兴建和汽车工业的发展，汽车实际行驶速度得以大大提高，汽 车高速行驶的安全性研究也日益重要。在高速公路上行驶时经常遇到的侧向风，汽车行 驶速度较高时，若受到较高速度的侧风作用，其行驶稳定性、操纵特性和乘坐舒适性都 会显著降低，极端的情况下还会使汽车偏离正确的行驶路线发生侧向滑移甚至侧翻。 本文使用多刚体动力学软件 ADAMS/Car ，建立了小轿车整车动力学分析模型，进 行了高速汽车在不同路面、不同风速的侧风作用下的阶跃转向仿真，获得车辆在侧风环 境行驶时的侧滑距离，并对结果进行了分析，提出了不同摩擦系数的路面对行车安全性 有一定的影响，但是影响不很明显。同时，运用ANSYS 有限元分析软件建立了合理的 小轿车与大型货车的有限元模型，从力学理论出发，对车辆模型进行了静力分析，通过 对车辆侧滑位移的分析，提出小轿车为代表的小型车辆因侧向面积小和重心低而在侧风 环境行驶稳定性较好，行驶安全性较高，而以大型货运车辆为代表的大型车辆由于侧向 面积大且重心偏高，易发生侧滑现象，在大风中行驶稳定性差，行车安全性低。动力分 析和静力分析结果表明：风速较小时，随着车速增加，汽车的侧向滑移受到的影响不显 著；当风速足够大时，随着车速的增加，汽车的侧滑距离逐渐增大，汽车行驶的安全性 随之降低，易发生交通事故。 关键词：侧风，侧滑，ADAMS/Car ，ANSYS ，行车安全 I Abstract With the increasing of highway in China and development of the modern industry, the actual speed of vehicle has being promoted, then the vehicle safeties become very important. Side wind often encountered when driving at the high speed among the high speed wind, it lead ride comfort and driving stability and handling are significantly reduced, also under extreme circumstances can make a car driving routes deviate from the correct lateral slip occurred or roll. Using the software ADAMS/Car, a multi-rigid body dynamics software, established a whole car dynamics analysis model. The performance of high-speed vehicle which steering during the cross-wind has been simulated and a few analyses have been given. Analysis of vehicle sideslip distances when traveling on the wind environment. Put forward different