关键信息识别与浓缩资料.ppt

关键信息识别与浓缩 关键信息识别 信息单位:语句根据其信息分布情况分为信息单位,小句(clause)常被看作一个信息单位 信息焦点:每一个信息单位中必然有一个负载最重要信息的成分,即 “信息焦点”.它是说话人想要重点强调的信息,主要是新信息. 英语单句的焦点常在句子的尾部,即末尾焦点(end-focus)原则. 除焦点信息外,还有比较新的信息,称为重要信息 关键信息包括焦点信息和重要信息,主要指焦点信息 关键信息识别 E.g. A. That he has kept talking about the heavy traffic to explain why he was late again is obvious. B. It is obvious that he has kept talking about the heavy traffic to explain why he was late again. (信息焦点) A句比较累赘,听话人很难准确及时理解信息,而B句遵循了次重要信息(obvious)到重要信息(he was kept talking about the heavy traffic),再到最重要信息(to explain why he was late again)的逐渐深入的原则,相对容易理解.听话人在一定的旧信息基础上理解(半)新信息,最后理解焦点信息