Immune cells contribute to the maintenance of neurogenesis and.pdfVIP

A R T I C L E S e c Immune cells contribute to the maintenance of n e i c s neurogenesis and spatial learning abilities in adulthood o r u e n e 1,4 1,4 1 1 1 1 2 r Yaniv Ziv , Noga Ron , Oleg Butovsky , Gennady Landa , Einav Sudai , Nadav Greenberg , Hagit Cohen , u t 1,3 1 a Jonathan Kipnis Michal Schwartz n / m o c . e Neurogenesis is known to take place in the adult brain. This work identifies T lymphocytes and microglia as being important to the r u t maintenance of hippocampal neurogenesis and spatial learning abilities in adulthood. Hippocampal neurogenesis induced by an a n. enriched environment was associated with the recruitment of T cells and the activation of microglia. In immune-deficient mice, w w hippocampal neurogenesis was markedly impaired and could not be enhanced by environmental enrichment, but was restored and w / boosted by T cells recognizing a specific CNS antigen. CNS-specific T cells were also found to be required for spatial learning and / : p memory and for the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the dentate gyrus, implying that a common immune- t t h associated mechanism underlies different aspects of hippocampal plasticity and cell renewal in the adult brain. p u o r G 1 g Neurogenesis in the hippocampus continues throughout adult life RESULTS n and is a prerequisite for certain aspects of brain cognitive activity2,3. Immune cell recruitment in environmentally enriched rats i h s The controlled activity of T cells directed to autoantigens in the Our working hypothesis was that both CNS resident and s