Male-Produced Aggregation Pheromones of the Cerambycid Beetles.pdfVIP

J Chem Ecol (2009) 35:733–740 DOI 10.1007/s10886-009-9633-5 Male-Produced Aggregation Pheromones of the Cerambycid Beetles Xylotrechus colonus and Sarosesthes fulminans Emerson S. Lacey Jocelyn G. Millar Jardel A. Moreira Lawrence M. Hanks Received: 20 January 2009 /Revised: 20 March 2009 /Accepted: 4 April 2009 /Published online: 15 May 2009 # The Author(s) 2009. This article is published with open access at S Abstract Adults of both sexes of the cerambycid beetles baited with (R)-3-hydroxyhexan-2-one alone or in blends Xylotrechus colonus (F.) and Sarosesthes fulminans (F.) with other compounds. Too few adult S. fulminans were were attracted to odors produced by male conspecifics in captured for a statistical comparison among treatments, but olfactometer bioassays. Analyses of headspace volatiles all were caught in traps baited with lures containing (R)-3- from adults revealed that male X. colonus produced a blend hydroxyhexan-2-one. In addition to these two species, of (R)- and (S)-3-hydroxyhexan-2-one and (2S,3S)- and adults of two other species of cerambycid beetles, for (2R,3R)-2,3-hexanediol, whereas male S. fulminans pro- which pheromones had previously been identified, were duced (R)-3-hydroxyhexan-2-one and (2S,3R)-2,3-hexane- caught: Neoclytus a. acuminatus (F.) and its congener diol. All of these compounds were absent in the headspace Neoclytus m. mucronatus (F.). Cross-attraction of beetles to of females. Two field bioassays were conducted to confirm pheromone blends of other species, and to individual the biological activity of the synthesized pheromones: (1) pheromone components that are shared by two or more enantiomerically enriched pheromone components we