土方工程施工安全事故分析及预防本科毕业（设计）论文.doc

土方工程施工安全事故分析及预防 摘要 随着近年来中国经济建设和城市建设的快速发展，建筑行业中的地下工程越来越多，规模越来越大，这就要求施工单位对建筑基础土方开挖进行正确的施工。而土方工程是建筑工程施工中最为重要的环节之一，它不仅是建筑施工工程的基础还是建筑工程施工的核心内容。如果在工程施工中，对其土方工程的施工质量没有进行有效的保障，那么就会影响整个建筑工程的结构可靠性因此，我们建筑工程施工中，一定要做好对建筑土方工程的施工技术控制管理。由于城市建设规模不断扩大与之相对应的施工安全事故发生率也呈上升趋势尤其是深基础土方施工存在的问题更为严重析及预防为探讨对象，主要解决土方工程施工中的安全问题。 土方工程施工 Earthwork construction safety Accident Analysis and Prevention Abstract With the recent rapid development of Chinas economic development and urban construction, underground engineering construction industry, more and more increasing scale, which requires the construction unit of the building foundation earth excavation proper construction. The building construction earthworks are the most important part, it is not only the foundation construction project, or core construction works. If the construction, the quality of its construction earthworks no effective protection, it will affect the structural reliability of the entire building project. So we building construction, we must do a good job of building earthworks construction technology control management. However, due to the expanding urban construction, with the corresponding construction safety accident rate is also on the rise, especially in the presence of deep foundation earthwork construction problems are more serious. So, how to improve the safety of earthworks construction accident analysis and prevention, is important for the safety of construction building earthworks. In this paper, earthworks construction safety Accident Analysis and Prevention to investigate the object, the main settlement earthworks construction safety issues. Keywords: earthworks construction safety accident analysis safety and accident prevention  目录 1.土方工程施工工艺 1 1.1基坑土方开挖方法 1 1.1.1土方开挖准备 1 1.1.2土方开挖方案的选择 1 1.1.3土方开挖图的绘制 1 1.1.4基坑的机械开挖方法 1 1.1.5土方开挖方法 2 1.2回填土施工方法 3 1.2.1人工夯实方法 3 1.2.2机械压实方法 3 1.3填土压实方法 3 1.3.1碾压法 3 1.3.2夯实法 4 1.3.3振动压实法 4 2.土方工程施工安全事故原因分析 4 2.1土方工程施工安全主要问题 4 2.2土方工程滑坡的产生原因 5 2.3土方工程边坡塌方和土方坍塌的