a recipe for co-management of forest and livestock — results of bio-economic model at a village level in iran：伊朗市森林和畜牧业共同管理的一个方法--生物经济模型的结果.pdf

Agricultural Systems 140 (2015) 74–86 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Agricultural Systems j ournal homepage: www.el sevier.c om/l oc ate/ agsy A recipe for co-management of forest and livestock — Results of bio-economic model at a village level in Iran Arezoo Soltani a,⁎, Prem L. Sankhayan b, Ole Hofstad b a Department of Business and Management, Faculty of Social Sciences, Sogn og Fjordane University College, P.O. Box 133, NO-6851 Sogndal, Norway b Department of Ecology and Natural Resource Management, Faculty of Environmental Science and Technology, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, NO-1432 Aas, Norway a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Article history: The ecosystem in the Zagros region of Iran, where this study was conducted, is characterized by joint occurrence Received 9 December 2014 of trees and grasses. Here multiple-use of forest and livestock is a common practice followed by the local people. Received in revised form 2 September 2015 This study develops a deterministic non-linear dynamic programming bio-economic model at a village level to Accepted 8 September 2015 analyse the possible implications of such a management regime over a period of three and a half decades into Available online xxxx the future. Required data were obtained from field surveys and secondary sources. The model was run under Keywords: four alternate management regimes represented by