常见纳米材料的分离纯化方法综述.pdf

Current Opinion in Colloid Interface Science 16 (2011) 135–148 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Current Opinion in Colloid Interface Science journal homepage: www.el sevier.c om/l oc ate/cocis Nanoseparations: Strategies for size and/or shape-selective purification of nanoparticles Bartlomiej Kowalczyk, István Lagzi, Bartosz A. Grzybowski ⁎ Department of Chemistry and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208, USA a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Article history: This paper reviews techniques currently available for size- and shape-selective purification of nanoscopic Received 1 September 2010 objects. The methods discussed range from variants of familiar chromatographic, centrifugation, or filtration Received in revised form 4 January 2011 techniques, to purification schemes deriving from nanoscale-specific phenomena, including shape-selective Accepted 5 January 2011 reactivity, or propensity to form organized superstructures. Available online 12 January 2011 © 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd. Keywords: Colloids Fractionation Nanoparticles Purification Separation 1. Introduction planes exposed), biology and medicine (e.g., cytotoxicity of AuNPs is size dependent),[18,48,49] or in nanodevices where only NPs of