弹性介质中任意形状细长曲梁的Cosserat模型.pdfVIP

31 卷 8 期 Vol.31 No.8 工 程 力 学 2014 年 8 月 Aug. 2014 ENGINEERING MECHANICS 77 文章编号：1000-4750(20 14)08-0077-06 弹性介质中任意形状细长曲梁的Cosserat 模型 刘延柱 (上海交通大学工程力学系，上海 200240) 摘 要：Kirchhoff 动力学比拟理论使动力学的概念和方法进入弹性杆力学的研究领域。Cosserat 弹性杆模型考虑 Kirchhoff 模型所忽略的截面剪切变形、中心 伸缩变形和分布载荷等因素，更适合工程中大变形细长梁的动力学 建模。该文以弹性介质中任意形状中心 的圆截面细长曲梁为对象，基于Cosserat 模型建立以截面的姿态角和挠 度为未知变量的精确动力学方程。其直梁小变形特例为弹性介质中的Timoshenko 梁。将Lyapunov 运动稳定性理 论的时间变量置换为空间变量，可用于判断梁的平衡稳定性。以弹性介质中轴向受压 Timoshenko 梁为例，讨论 梁平衡状态的Lyapunov 稳定性与欧拉失稳传统概念之间的区别和相互联系。导致梁屈曲的欧拉载荷可利用满足 Lyapunov 稳定性梁的受扰挠性 和端部约束条件导出。在一次近似条件下证明空间域内的Lyapunov 稳定性和欧 拉稳定性是时间域内的Lyapunov 稳定性的必要条件。 关键词：弹性介质中的曲梁；Kirchhoff 动力学比拟；Cosserat 弹性杆模型；Lyapunov 稳定性；欧拉载荷 中图分类号：O326 ；O341 文献标志码：A doi: 10.6052/j .issn.1000-4750.2013.02.0141 COSSERAT MODELING OF THIN-LONG CURVE BEAMS WITH ARBITRARY SHAPE IN ELASTIC MEDIUM LIU Yan-zhu (Department of Engineering Mechanics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China) Abstract: According to Kirchhoff s kinetic analogy, the concepts and approaches of dynamics can be applied to mechanics of elastic rods. The Cosserat model of elastic rods considers factors neglected by the Kirchhoff model, such as the cross-sectional shear deformation, the tensile deformation of rod centerline and loadings, and therefore is more suitable to the modeling of thin-long beams with large deformation. In this study, the Cosserat model is applied to establish the exact dynamic equations of a thin-long curve beam with circular cross sections and an arbitrary shape of centerline. The attitude angles of rod cross sections and deflections of the centerline are selected as unknown var