当代中国人身损赔偿制度的伦理考察.pdfVIP

摘 要 人身损害赔偿制度是在人格平等、私有财产确立和公民权利意识提高 的背景下建立起来的。我国的人身损害赔偿制度从习惯法到制定法，从不 完善到相对完善经历了一个漫长的过程。随着科学技术的进步，我国侵权 案件的数量越来越多，性质越来越复杂，这就使得我国现行的人身损害赔 偿制度不能完全的满足时代的需要。因此，我国的人身损害赔偿制度在实 施过程中逐渐暴露出一些缺陷。其中主要包括以下几点：一、赔偿标准不 统一；二、死亡、残废赔偿额度与实际损害不对称；三、法官自由裁量权 可控性不强。这些问题的存在，会对受害者权益的保护产生一定的负面影 响。因此，人身损害赔偿制度迫切的需要完善。 本文试图在分析人身损害赔偿制度产生的背景以及发展历史的条件 下，阐述我国现行人身损害赔偿制度的结构及存在的主要问题。然后针对 存在的问题，从伦理学的角度进行考察，并揭示我国人身损害赔偿制度的 伦理使命，即应该确立公平的赔偿标准，应该以维护生命权为首要任务， 应该从提高法官的素质入手，适当限制法官的自由裁量权。 关键词：人身损害赔偿 平等 平等权 生命神圣 法官素质 I ABSTRACT The human body indemnity system is built in the equal of personality, the establishment of private property and the improvement of civil rights awareness. The human body indemnity system of our county has experienced a long process from institution laws to written laws, from imperfect to relative perfect. With the progress in science and technology, the number of cases infringing rights in our country becomes more, the quality becomes complex more and more .This cause the human body indemnity system of our country would not content the need of development .So, there is some defect been found in this system. Some main defect is included in the following: first, there is non-uniform standard of compensation. Second, there is symmetry indemnity between the deaths and disabilities. Third, judicial discretion cannot be controlled effectively. The existence of these problems would bring some negative impact to casualties .So, The human body indemnity system is needed to be perfect at once. This