安全进近及着陆SafeApproachandLanding详解.ppt

THE INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN IS THE PROPERTY OF EMBRAER AND SHALL NOT BE COPIED OR USED WITHOUT EMBRAER’S WRITTEN CONSENT. Thrust Reverse Effect When selecting reverse thrust with some crab angle, the reverse thrust results in two force components: A stopping force aligned with the aircraft’s direction of travel (runway centerline); and, A side force, perpendicular to the runway centerline, wich further increases the aircraft’s tendency to skid sideways. The thrust-reverse effect decreases with decreasing airspeed. Rudder authority also decreases with decreasing airspeed and is reduced further by airflow disturbances created by the thrust reverses. Reduced rudder authority can cause directional control problems. Crosswind Landings Source: Flight Safety Foundation 侧风着陆 反推影响 在带有偏流角时使用反推，反推力将产生两个分量： 沿着飞机移动的方向（跑道中心线）产生一个停止力；以及 一个侧向力，垂直于跑道中心线，将进一步增大飞机侧滑的趋势。 反推影响将随着速度降低而减小。 方向舵作用也随着速度降低而减小，并且将在反推产生的气流干扰下进一步减小。 方向舵作用的减小将导致方向控制的问题。 THE INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN IS THE PROPERTY OF EMBRAER AND SHALL NOT BE COPIED OR USED WITHOUT EMBRAER’S WRITTEN CONSENT. THE INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN IS THE PROPERTY OF EMBRAER AND SHALL NOT BE COPIED OR USED WITHOUT EMBRAER’S WRITTEN CONSENT. Crosswind Landings THE INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN IS THE PROPERTY OF EMBRAER AND SHALL NOT BE COPIED OR USED WITHOUT EMBRAER’S WRITTEN CONSENT. Effect of Braking In a strong crosswind, ... ... the pilot should continue to “fly the aircraft”during the landing roll. However, into-wind aileron decreases the lift on the into-wind wing, thus resulting in an increased load on the into-wind landing gear. Because breaking force increases as higher loads are applied on the wheels and tires, the braking force increases on the into-wind landing gear, creating an additional tendency to turn into the wind. When runway contamination is not evenly distributed, the anti-skid system may release only the brakes on one side. Crosswind Landings Source: Flight Safety Foundation 侧风着陆 刹车效应 大侧风时，飞行员应该在飞机着陆滑跑过程中继