中山大学2015年下半年《大学英语四》第三次作业.doc

问题 1 得 2 分，满分 2 分 Global Warming Global warming may or may not be the great environmental crisis of the 21st century, but — regardless of whether it is or isn’t — we won’t do much about it. We will argue over it and may even, as a nation, make some fairly solemn- sounding commitments to avoid it. But the more dramatic and meaningful these commitments seem, the less likely they are to be observed. A1 Gore calls global warming an “inconvenient truth”, as if merely recognizing it could put us on a path to a solution. But the real truth is that we don’t know enough to relieve global warming, and — without major technological breakthroughs — we can’t do much about it. From 2003 to 2050, the world’s population is predicted to grow from 6.4 billion to 9.1 billion, a 42% increase. If energy use per person and technology remain the same, total energy use and greenhouse gas emissions (mainly, CO2) will be 42% higher in 2050.But that’s too low, because societies that grow richer use more energy. We need economic growth unless we leave the world’s poor to their present poverty and freeze everyone else’s living standards. With modest growth, energy use and greenhouse emissions will more than double by 2050. No government will adopt strict restrictions on economic growth and personal freedom (limits on electricity usage, driving and travel) that might cut back global warming. Still, politicians want to show they’re “doing something” Consider the Kyoto Protocol. It allowed countries that joined to punish those that didn’t. But it hasn’t reduced CO2 emissions (up about 25% since 1990), and many signatories didn’t adopt tough enough policies to hit their 2008-2012 targets. The practical conclusion is that if global warming is a potential disaster, the only solution is new technology. Only an aggressive research and development program might find ways of breaking our dependence on fossil fuels or dealing with it. The trouble with the global warming debate is that it has bec