高三英语介词全析.doc

英语语法----介词Preposition（Prep.） 一、定义：用在n.（或相当于n.的其它词类、短语或从句）之前，说明其与句子中另一成分的关系的词，又称前置词。 二、分类：3种 简单介词（Simple Prepositions） e.g. about, above, behind, besides, down, during, in, near, round, since, towards, with 复合介词（Compound Prepositions） e.g. from among, from behind, from under, inside, outside, within, without, into, onto, out of, upon, throughout 短语介词（Phrasal Prepositions） e.g. according to, apart from（除……之外）, as a result of, as for/to（至于，关于）, because of, due to（由于）, in addition to（除……之外，不但= besides, in front of, in spite of(尽管), instead of, owing to（由于） 三、常见简单介词的基本用法 1.about 1)关于，有关 e.g. I have not heard so much ~ him. I don’t know what you’re talking ~. 2）差不多，大约 e.g. About 500 Ss attended the lecture. About when will you go abroad? 3）表示地点：在周围，在附近，各处，到处 e.g. Trees are planted ~ the lake. They live somewhere~ the People’s Square. Don’t leave your books~ your desk. I haven’t any small change ~/on me. 4）“即将”（近期将来）e.g. The film is ~ to begin. It’s nearly 7:00. The train is ~ to leave. 2.above 1）在……上方 e.g. A bird is flying above the woods. There is a portrait above the blackboard. 2）（在数量上）超过 e.g. The man is not yet forty, but well ~thirty. The number of new Ss this year is ~four hundred. 3）（能力等）胜过，超越；因太困难、太好而不…… e.g. The problem is ~ me. （这问题太难我不懂。） John is ~ all the other Ss in mathematics. 3.across 1）在……对面/对过 e.g. My uncle lives ~ my home. There is a bookshop ~ the street. 2）横越，横过 e.g. The little girl helped the blind man ~ the river. The tall tree fell down ~ the street. 3）经过…… e.g. The revolution developed across the whole century. 4.after 1）在……后（时间） e.g. After work/class, we went home except him. The day ~ tomorrow we will go to Shanghai. 2）在……的后面（顺序） e.g. Please shut/ close the door after/behind you. 3）仿照，按照（引申意义） e.g. Read after me , please. Rewrite the following sentences ~ the model