医学物理学第十三周周三物理のchapter解决方案.pptVIP

Chapter 7 Electricity and Magnetism Different particles have different mobility, so they can be divided by electrophoresis. Sample point Filter paper Paper electrophoresis Iso_electro_focusing or Immobilized pH gradient SDS: sodium dodecyl sulfate poly-acrylamide gel electropheresis SDS: 十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳 毛细管电泳仪的基本结构 (The basic structures of capillary electro-phoresis) 根据物质的荷/质比差异来进行分离，比值愈大,跑得愈快。 Electro-osmotic flow (电渗流：液体在毛细管内周围形成带正电荷层，其整体向负极移动的现象) j = 1， 2， … * sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis,SDS; /wiki/SDS_PAGE All inertial reference frames are equivalent for the description of mechanical phenomena. 海水中氘的含量为十万分之三，即1升海水中含有0.03克氘。这0.03克氘聚变时释放出采的-能量等于300升汽油燃烧的能量，因此，1升海水＝300升汽油人们用这样的等式来形容海洋中核聚变燃料储藏的丰富。 Iso_electro_focusing or Immobilized pH gradient SDS聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳 7.1 Electrostatic field Electric charge (unit) Electron charge = - e Proton charge = + e 1 C (Coulomb) = 6.24 × 1018 e 1 A (Ampere) = 1 C ? s-1 Electric field intensity Superposition of Electric field intensities (group of charges) ?0 ：vacuum permittivity (真空电容率) Electric potential energy (电势能) Electric potential Wa = - e Va for electrons Electric dipole (偶极子) Electric dipole moment The electric potential of an electric dipole (偶极子的电势) ? r2 r1 l -q +q r r2 - r1 a The electric potential of an electric dipole changes with positions. The dielectrics (电介质) The dielectrics can be solid or fluid. Generally, they are insulators (10?/cm) Non-polar molecules like He, H2, N2 … Positive and negative charges overlap No E electric E polar molecules like H2O, CO, SO2 … Positive and negative charges do not overlap No E electric E Electric field in dielectrics +? -? E0 Ep ?r ：relative permittivity (相对电容率) ? is permittivity of a dielectric （介电常数） The capacitance C is defined as: Capacitor (电容器) and Capacitance ( C?V-1) bio-membrane and bio-electricity Semi-permeable “+” denotes “K+” (potassium) “-” denotes “Cl-” (chlorine) Experiments show that most cell membranes