高考英语考纲词汇用法详解资料.doc

高考英语考纲词汇用法详解 A a[????], an[?????] art. 1.一(个，件，…) 2.任何…都3.每(一) 4.某，某一个：I have got a ticket. 我有一张票。an awful noise 一种可怕的噪音 / A bird can fly. 鸟会飞。We often go to school two times a day. 我们常常一天两次去学校。A Mr. Brown wishes to see you. 一位叫布朗的先生想见你。(高考短文改错中常考查此知识点，许多同学在做书面表达时也常犯此错)，如不能说Mr. Smith is interesting man.(需在 is后 加 an) 2.在序数词之前使用a(an)，可以表示数量或序数的增加：Do you want to read it a third time? 你还想看第三次吗? abandon [???????? ] vt. 1. 遗弃，抛弃（人/动物）；丢弃（某物/某地） From James’s face, I could see he was terrified of being abandoned by us. 从詹姆斯的脸上我能看出他非常恐慌，生怕被我们遗弃。 People find all sorts of excuses for abandoning an animal. 人们为遗弃动物找出各种借口。 When you hit an iceberg, abandon the ship immediately. 当你撞上冰山时，要立刻弃船而逃。 2. 放弃（希望/看法/计划等） abandon hope / an idea / a plan 放弃希望/想法/计划 3．终止 They abandoned the game because of the bad weather. 因为天气不好，他们终止了这次比赛。 abandon oneself to 纵情于，沉湎于 abandon oneself to despair 陷入绝望 Don’t abandon yourself to this kind of pleasure. 别沉溺于这种享乐中。 n. [U] 放纵，放任 with abandon 尽情地，放纵地 He signed cheques with careless abandon. 他无所顾忌地乱开支票。 abandoned [????????? ] adj. 被遗弃的；废弃的 an abandoned child / farm 弃儿 /废弃的农场 ability [???????? ] n. 1. [U] 能力，耐力 (have) the ability to do sth. （有）做某事的能力 The ability to express an idea is as important as the idea itself. 表达观点的能力与观点本身同等重要。 He has the ability to bring out the best in others. 他能做到扬人之长。 2. [C][U] 才能，才识，技能 mental / physical ability 智/体能 a man of many abilities 一个有多方面才能的人 develop an ability 培养技能 to the best of one’s ability 尽最大耐力 The work wasn’t done well, but he had a clear conscience, because he did it to the best of his ability. 工作没做好，但他问心无愧，因为他尽了全力。 【联想】inability n. 无能 disability n. 残疾 able[?????] adj.能…的，有才能的，能干的，能够的：She’s as clever and able as her sister. 她像她姐姐一样聪明能干。 be able to do sth 能做某事 We may be able to develop more successful treatments for anxiety disorders. 我们也许能研究出更有效的治疗焦虑症的方法。 【说明】比较级和最高级可以是 abler 和 ablest 或 more able, better able 和 most able，但不如前者常见。 【联想】ca