炼油厂管式加热炉工艺设计大学生毕业（设计）论文.docVIP

摘 要 对于石油化工等行业，管式加热炉是使用最普遍的加热设备。在石油加工的各项工作之中，管式加热炉都起着重要作用。使用管式加热炉技术，除了可以降低生产成本外,还能够有效地节约能源。但在当今节能减排的大形势之下，管式加热炉的耗能过大缺点还是日显突出。在本设计中，通过优化管式加热炉的整体结构，并根据装置的操作情况和特点制定出一套改善方案，来提高管式加热炉的热效率，从而实现节能作用。本设计适用于使用常减压工艺技术的管式加热炉，通过对整个工艺过程的仔细分析，及对各种优化方案的选择，最终确定了使用两台辐射-对流型圆筒加热炉共同工作的设计方案。除此之外，通过对管式加热炉的工艺进行计算，包括辐射室及对流室的结构尺寸、燃料用量、炉内压力等参数的计算，以达到管式加热炉结构优选的目的。通过使用螺杆膨胀机以实现烟气余热二次利用，进一步提高热效率，实现能源的节约。 关键词：热效率；结构优选；辐射—对流型加热炉；余热二次利用 Abstract Tube heating furnace is the most widely used heating equipment in the petrochemical industry. Tube heating furnace play a most significant role in the works of petroleum processing. Using the technology of Tube heating furnace can not only reduce the cost of production, but also can reserve energy effectively .however，in the trend of saving energy nowadays, the drawbacks of Tube heating furnace that it cost so much energy becomes more and more obvious each day . In this design, I made a optimized plan by optimizing the Overall Structure of Tube heating furnace and also according to operating conditions and characteristics of the device. With the help of the optimized plan, we can rise the thermal efficiency of Tube heating furnace ,and then reach the goal of Energy conservation. The tube heating furnace in this design is applied to the atmospheric-vacuum technology，after a careful analysis of the entire process and the choices of a variety of optimizations, I finally made the combined operation scheme of two sets of radiation-convection cylindrical heating furnaces. Besides, in the process calculation of the tube furnace, which include the calculation of the structural dimensions of the radiation chamber and convection room, the calculation of furnace pressure, the calculation of fuel consumption, to reach the appointment of optimizing the structure of Tube heating furnace. By using the screw expander as the waste heat recycling equipment of flue gas can improve thermal efficiency and saves energy much better. Key words: Thermal efficiency ;struc