客运专线论述文：基于收益管理客运专线座位存量及票价的研究.docVIP

客运专线论文：基于收益管理的客运专线座位存量及票价的研究 【中文摘要】长期以来我国铁路客运实行统一的票价体系,对票额以计划的形式层层分配给各个车站,使得旅客列车仍然存在不同程度的虚糜现象,这在一定程度上不利于铁路客运经济收益的提高。2008年的《中长期路网规划》指出到2020年要建设完成总计1.6万公里以上的客运专线和城际铁路,届时,客运专线运输将与其它交通客运系统形成更为激烈的竞争,使得客运专线盈利变得十分困难。而且随着《中长期路网规划》的实施,每年铁路建设资金需求巨大,当前中国铁路企业已经负债约18000亿,负债率高达56%,这急需铁路部门挖掘潜力,增加经济收益。定价和容量控制是收益管理研究的两个核心问题,通过已经成功应用收益管理的航空客运业以及酒店业的实践证明：定价和容量控制的研究有利于经济收益的提高,而票价以及票额的分配恰恰是定价和容量控制在客运专线运输业的具体反映。因而,为了应对客运专线目前以及将来可能面临的严峻形势,本文尝试应用收益管理对票价及座位存量进行探索性的研究。本文的研究是在对铁路运输业应用收益管理研究现状的回顾以及基本理论阐述的基础上展开的,然后从不同的角度分析了客运专线应用收益管理的适应性。本文最重要的贡献是应用收益管理理论建立了客运专线座位存量及票价联合决策的模型,该模型可以通过对不同票价座位存量限额的设定有效调节市场需求与供给能力之间的匹配。文中的算例验证了联合决策模型不仅是可行的,而且有利于客运专线经济收益的提高。 【英文摘要】The fare system of China’s railway passenger transport has long been unified and the amount of tickets allocated to each station in the planning form, which to some extent, is not conducive to the improvement of economic benefits of railway passenger. The 2008?“long-term road network planning” said that more than a total of 16,000 kilometers passenger dedicated line will have been constructed by 2020. Then, the competition of passenger dedicated line with other passenger transport system will be more intense, which makes the passenger dedicated line profit very difficultly. And with the “long-term road network planning,” it needs more money for railway construction every year. The current Chinese railway companies have liabilities of about 1.8 trillion,56% debt ratio, which makes Chinese railway tap the transport potential of the rail sector need to increase revenue.Pricing and capacity control are the two core issues of revenue management which has been successfully applied by the Air passenger transport and the hotels proving that the control of pricing and capacity is conducive to improve economic benefits. Meanwhile, the fare and distribution of ticket reflect pricing and capacity control. Thus, in order to respond current and future grim situation of passenger dedicated line, this paper attempts to apply yield management to the inven