自整定PID控制器的设计与仿真教程概述.docVIP

自整定PID控制器的设计与仿真 摘 要 PID控制器因为结构简单容易实现，并且具有较强的鲁棒性，因而被广泛应用于各种工业过程控制中。尽管已经出现多种先进控制方法，PID控制仍然在各种工业控制技术中占着主导地位。PID控制器参数整定优劣与否，是以其能否在实用中得到好的闭环控制效果为前提条件的。迄今为止，各种先进PID控制器参数整定方法层出不穷，假在实际应用中这些先进的整定方法并没有像预期的那样产生完美的控制效果。这主要是因为PID控制器结构上的简单性决定了它在控制品质上的局限性，并且这种简单性使得PID控制器对大时滞、不稳对象等被控对象的控制性能不是很好。同时，PID控制器无法同时满足对设定值跟踪和抑制外扰的不同性能要求。 本文首先阐述了PID控制器的基本原理及参数对控制性能的影响，并对PID参数的自整定方法进行了总结，重点研究了基于智能算法的PID参数整定方法，对基于模糊算法和神经网络在线修改参数做了详细的叙述，最后并对模糊自整定PID控制器进行仿真，仿真结果表明：该控制方法提高了系统的动、静态特性，使系统获得了较好的性能，事实证明该控制方法对于此类系统控制是有效的。 关键字：PID控制器； 神经网络； 模糊控制； 控制算法The Besign and Simulation of Self-tuning PID Controller Abstract Because of simple structure, easy to implement, and has strong robustness, PID controller is widely used in various industrial process control. Although there have been a variety of advanced control methods, PID control is still the dominant position occupied in a variety of industrial control technology. PID controller parameter tuning or not the merits of whether its a prerequisite for good closed-loop control effect in the practical. So far, a variety of advanced PID controller parameter tuning method endless, assume that in practical applications, these advanced tuning method does not work as expected perfect control. This is mainly because of the simple of PID controller structure determines its quality control limitations, and this simplicity makes the PID controller to control performance is not very good on the large time delay, unstable objects such as the controlled object.At the same time, the PID controller can not meet the requirements of the different performance settings to track and curb foreign interference. This paper first describes the basic principles and parameters of the PID controller on the control performance, and PID parameter tuning method are summarized, focusing on the tuning method of PID parameters based on intelligent algorithms based on fuzzy algorithm and neural network onlinemodify the parameters described in detail, the last and fuzzy self-tuning PID cont