复杂网络上的损伤扩散研究分析报告.ppt

复杂网络上的损伤扩散研究 损伤扩散技术 动力学规则 损伤扩散技术的演化模式 二维Ising点阵上的损伤扩散 复杂网络Complex networks 三角形小世界网络的构成 三角形小世界网络上的Damage spreading 规则网络（点阵）上的损伤扩散 Damage Spreading on two-dimensional trivalent structures and Complex Networks Social networks:Milgram’s experiment Small-world networks Perspectives: Weighted networks Scientific collaborations Internet Emails Airports network Finance, economic networks ... Two important observations (1) The number of nodes (N) is NOT fixed. Networks continuously expand by the addition of new nodes Examples: WWW : addition of new documents Citation : publication of new papers (2) The attachment is NOT uniform. A node is linked with higher probability to a node that already has a large number of links. Examples : WWW : new documents link to well known sites (CNN, YAHOO, NewYork Times, etc) Citation : well cited papers are more likely to be cited again Origins SF = are weighted networks !! 内容提要 Damage Spreading Random growth processes The shape of a snowflake, the roughness of a crack surface, corroding process in iron, virus spreading, economic and social phenomena Growth models: percolation, the damage spreading (DS) The damage spreading (DS) Simulation of the time evolution of perturbation spreading throughout a cooperative system 损 伤 扩 散 方 法 Damage spreading(DS)方法通过比较处于相同热噪声的两个系统（A、B，开始时存在微小差别）的时间演化的差别来研究影响系统演化的关键因素。DS技术的核心思想是通过两个系统上节点或单元（cell）的差别（或节点或单元上自旋的差别）来定义损伤，它的主要测度是系统的损伤密度，即Hamming距离（一般为平均值）。 Simulation method: Monte Carlo method ·A evolves to equilibrium ·A replica B of the system is made ·At t=0, the spin in the center cell of the lattice B is flipped (damaged) and fixed all the time ·A and B evolve with time Theory The Hamiltonian : The Hamming distance : Gl