《Statistics for Business and Economics 8e Solution》.doc

Chapter 1 Data and Statistics Learning Objectives 1. Obtain an appreciation for the breadth of statistical applications in business and economics. 2. Understand the meaning of the terms elements, variables, and observations as they are used in statistics. 3. Obtain an understanding of the difference between qualitative, quantitative, crossectional and time series data. 4. Learn about the sources of data for statistical analysis both internal and external to the firm. 5. Be aware of how errors can arise in data. 6. Know the meaning of descriptive statistics and statistical inference. 7. Be able to distinguish between a population and a sample. 8. Understand the role a sample plays in making statistical inferences about the population. Solutions: 1. Statistics can be referred to as numerical facts. In a broader sense, statistics is the field of study dealing with the collection, analysis, presentation and interpretation of data. 2. a. 9 b. 4 Country and room rate are qualitative variables; number of rooms and the overall score are quantitative variables. Country is nominal; room rate is ordinal; number of rooms and overall score are ratio. 3. a. Average number of rooms = 808/9 = 89.78 or approximately 90 rooms b. 2 of 9 are located in England; approximately 22% c. 4 of 9 have a room rate of $$; approximately 44% 4. a. 10 b. Fortune 500 largest U.S. industrial corporations c. Average revenue = $142,275.9/10 = $14,227.59 million d. Using the sample average, statistical inference would let us estimate the average revenue for the population of 500 corporations as $14,227.59 million. 5. a. 3 b. Industry code is qualitative; revenues and profit are quantitative. c. Average profit = 10,652.1/10 = $1065.21 million d. 8 of 10 had a profit over $100 million; 80% e. 1 of 10 had an industry code of 3; 10% 6. Questions a, c, and d are quantitative. Questions b and e are qualitative. 7. a. The data are numeric and the variable is qualitative. b. Nominal 8. a. 2,01