物流和供应链(英文).ppt

* Notes: * * Note: Cost of understocking = 250-100 = $150 Cost of overstocking = 100+5-85 = $20 p = 150/(150+20) = 0.88 Order size = 426 * Notes: * * Notes: * Notes: * Notes: * Notes: * Notes: * Notes: * Notes: * Notes: * Notes: * Notes: * Notes: * Notes: * Notes: This is effective if there are seveal delivery sites in proximity that cannt all be delivered on one truck from the plant in time. For example if the assembly plants want just in time delivery, line hauling and dcross docking may be an effective way to achieve that. * Notes: * Notes: * Notes: Safety stock = 3 days demand for rail and 2 days demand for truck. Daily demand = 120,000/365 = 329 motors. Transit inventory = 120,000*5/365 = 986 for rail 120,000*3/365 = 658 for truck Case discussion: Mention role of incentives in choice of mode. Stress importance of considering beyond mere transportation cost. * 13 Notes: * Notes: * Notes: * Notes: * Notes: * Notes: * Notes: * Notes: * Notes: * Notes: * Notes: * Notes: Mention williams Sonoma and Laura Ashley as examples of Physical centralization. Mail order companies with multiple warehouses as examples of Information centralization. Also Wal-Mart and The Gap allow for Information Centralization cutting the level of safety stock carried. Mention Bennetton for raw material commonality. The major benefit here is that since greige goods are to be ordered, the estimate is much more accurate since it aggregates across all colors. Also mention the HP Laser Jet example. * * Notes: Contact lenses with different warranty. On one extreme is the IBM system/360 mainframe where the system was customized for each customer. This is very expensive and soon disappeared. An effort was made to develop a standardized product that filled most of the needs at a lower cost. One may build many views of a database of cases and readings to satisfy marketing professionals, operations, new product etc. Here design of the data base becomes important since the kinds of views that ar