高增益全向天线的设计讲解.doc

南 京 工 程 学 院 毕业设计说明书(论文) 作 者： * * * 学 号： * * * 系 部： 通信工程学院 专 业： 通信工程 题 目： 高增益全向天线的设计 指导者： * * * 教授 评阅者： * * * 讲师 2013 年 6 月 南 京 Design on the High-gain Omnidirectional Antennas A Dissertation Submitted to Nanjing Institute of Technology For the Academic Degree of Bachelor of Science By Jianjun Lu Supervised by Prof. Qi Wang College of Communication Engineering Nanjing Institute of Technology June 2013  摘 要 本课题设计和研究了一种高增益全向天线，天线采用分段线结构，并用电感线圈进行加载，有效增益达到7dB左右，可工作在频率为2.4GHz附近且在工作频率范围内驻波比小于2。课题的主要工作是分析了天线产生高增益的基本原理，研究阵列结构和加载技术，通过改变阵列之间距离的加载大小，实现在水平面方向图的压缩。本研究主要采用基于有限积分法的电磁仿真技术来实现，并通过CST仿真技术对天线的方向图和回波损耗进行研究得到相关数据。在仿真计算的基础上，构建天线的实验模型，对影响天线特性的主要因素进行了仿真比较研究，得出一些重要结论。通过制作实物模型，并用矢量网络分析仪来测出数据，验证仿真结果的正确性，结果表现出较好的一致性。设计过程中还通过软、硬件相结合的方法，测量了天线的辐射特性，进一步验证了所设计天线的高增益性能。 关键词：全向天线，阵列，高增益，方向图，驻波比，CST Abstract A high gain omni-directional unipole antenna is studied in this paper. The antenna adopts the segmented line structure and uses inductive coil for loading. The effective gain of the antenna can reach to 7dB and it can work in the frequency band of 2.4GHz and the VSWR is less than 2. The main task of the paper is to analyze the basic theory of the high gain antenna. The array structure and loading techniques are also in consideration. Through changing the distance between the array segments, the radiation pattern can be compressed in horizontal direction. This research adopts electromagnetic simulation technology CST to realize, which is based on the method of finite integral. Through the CST simulation, I can get the relationship of return loss vs frequncy and other relevant data. according to the simulation, optimization and analyses, the author constructed a expriment model and measured its voltage stational wave ratio by using the vector network analyzer and good results has been seen. The author also adopt the indirect method