树籽油制备生物柴油的工艺研究毕业论文设计.docVIP

(此文档为word格式，下载后您可任意编辑修改！) 油料树籽油制备生物柴油的工艺研究 摘 要 由于环境问题和能源问题的日益严重，对可再生能源的开发已经逐步成为当今科学研究的热点。生物柴油是以动、植物油脂以及废弃的油脂为原料与甲醇经酯交换反应制备的新型替代能源，其主要成分是脂肪酸甲酯。生物柴油具有粘度低、闪点高、十六烷值高、无毒和可生物降解等优点，而且可以减轻大气的温室气体浓度。对解决地球升温、酸雨问题、改善人类的生存环境、实现经济的可持续发展具有重要的意义。 本课题以油料树籽油为原料油，采用固体碱催化剂将油料树籽油转化为生物柴油。本课题主要分为三个步骤来研究： 第一、与以其他油品为原料来合成生物柴油的工艺参数做比较得出该工艺的最优参数范围为：最适醇油比的范围为4?:1~12:1，催化剂的用量的范围为4wt%~12wt%，反应温度的范围为60℃~80℃和反应时间的范围为90min~180min。 第二、假定反应时间为180min?，?:1，催化剂的用量为6wt%，反应温度65℃。 第三、在此基础上通过Box-Behnken法设计出13组实验得出该工艺的最优工艺参数为：醇油比为9.9:1，催化剂用量为4wt%，反应温度为71.23℃，反应时间为60min。 关键词BIODIESEL PRODUCTION FROM ENERGY-TREE SEED OIL ABSTRACT As environmental issues and energy issues became serious, the development of renewable energy has attracted more and more attention by present researcher. Biodiesel is one of the alternatives to petroleum fuel and it can be produced through trans-esterification of vegetable oil, animal fats and recycle greases with methanol in the presence of a catalyst. The main component of biodiesel is fatty acid methyl esters. Biodiesel has many advantages: low viscosity, high flash point, high cetane number, non-toxic and biodegradable, and it can reduce greenhouse gases release to the atmosphere during the utilization. It is of a great significance for solving the global warming problem and reduction of acid rain, protecting environment and achieving sustainable economic development. In this study, seed oil was used as the feedstock. The main subject of this study is divided into three parts: The first, the parameters of the production of biodiesel was settled as below: the molar ratios of methanol to oil is in the range of 4: 1 ~ 12:1, quantity of acid catalyst is in the range of 4wt% ~ 12wt%, reaction temperature is in the range of 60℃ ~ 80℃ and reaction time ranges from 90min ~ 180min. The second, 13 experiments were designed by the single factor method to determine the optimal parameters. After 180min reaction, acid values of reacted mixture were detected and the results showed that the